The Macintosh mainly Mac since [1] is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. The original Macintosh is the first successful mass-market personal computer to have featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen, and mouse.
Early Macintosh models were expensive, [3] hindering competitiveness in a market dominated by the much cheaper Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses, [4] although they were less expensive than the Xerox Alto and other computers with graphical user interfaces that predated the Mac.
Macintosh systems were successful in education and desktop publishing, making Apple the second-largest PC manufacturer for the next decade. However, the introduction of Windows 3.
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Even after the transition to the superior PowerPC -based Power Macintosh line in the mids, the falling prices of commodity PC components, poor inventory management with the Macintosh Performaand the release of Windows 95 contributed to continued decline of the Macintosh user base. Upon his return to the company, Steve Jobs led Apple to consolidate the complex line of nearly twenty Macintosh models in mid including models made for specific regions down to four in mid the Power Macintosh G3, iMac, All four products were critically and commercially successful due to their high performance, competitive prices, and aesthetic designs, and helped return Apple to profitability. Around this time, Apple phased out the Macintosh name in favor of "Mac", a nickname that had been in common use since the development of the first model. After their transition to Intel processors inthe complete lineup was Intel-based. Apple has developed a series of Macintosh operating systems. Apple does not license macOS for use on non-Apple computers, however, System 7 was licensed to various companies through Apple's Macintosh clone program from to Volunteer communities have customized Intel-based macOS to run illicitly on non-Apple computers.
The Macintosh family of computers has used a variety of different CPU architectures since its introduction. Originally they used the Motorola series of Apple A Microeconomic Student s Perspective.
In the mids they transitioned to PowerPC processors, and again in the mids they began to use and bit Intel x86 processors. The Macintosh project began in when Jef Raskinan Apple employee, envisioned an easy-to-use, low-cost computer for the average consumer.
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He wanted to name the computer after his favorite type of apple, the McIntosh[8] but the spelling was changed to "Macintosh" for legal reasons as the original was the same spelling as that used by McIntosh LaboratoryInc. The request was denied, forcing Apple to eventually buy the rights to use this name. The basic layout of the Lisa was largely complete byat Apple A Microeconomic Student s Perspective point Jobs's continual suggestions for improvements led to him being kicked off the project.
The design at that time was for a low-cost, easy-to-use machine for the average consumer. Instead of a GUI, it intended to use a text-based Applf interface that allowed several programs to be running and easily switched between, and special command keys on the keyboard that accessed standardized commands in the programs.
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Raskin was authorized to start Aplle for the project in September[15] and he immediately asked his long-time colleague, Brian Howard, to join him. In that same interview, Wozniak said that the original Macintosh "failed" under Jobs and that it was not until Jobs left that it became a success.
He attributed the eventual success of the Macintosh to people like John Sculley "who worked to build a Macintosh market when the Apple II went away". Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple Lisa 's graphical programs on the Macintosh and asked Smith whether he could incorporate Lisa's microprocessor into the Mac while still keeping the production cost down. Smith's design used fewer RAM chips than the Lisa, which made the production of the board significantly more cost-efficient. Burrell's innovative design, combining the low production cost of an Apple II with the computing power of Lisa's Motorola CPU, began to receive Jobs's attentions. Stating that they and another computer "are all scheduled to be ready for release within a year", it described McIntosh as a portable computer with the and KB memory, and possibly battery-powered. Raskin left the team in over a personality conflict with Jobs.
After development had completed, team member Andy Hertzfeld said that the final Macintosh design is closer to Jobs's ideas than Raskin's. Jobs commissioned industrial designer Hartmut Esslinger to work on the Macintosh line, resulting in the "Snow White" design language ; although it came Apple A Microeconomic Student s Perspective late for the earliest Macs, it Click implemented in most other mid- to lates Apple computers. In Regis McKenna was brought in to shape the marketing and launch of the Macintosh.
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Only about ten applications including MacWrite and MacPaint were widely available, [81] [82] although many non-Apple software developers participated in the introduction and Apple promised that 79 companies including Lotus, Digital Researchand Ashton-Tate were creating products for the new computer. After one year for each computer, the Macintosh had less than one-quarter of the PC's Apple A Microeconomic Student s Perspective selection—including one word processor, two databases, and one spreadsheet—although Apple had soldMacintoshes compared to IBM's first-year sales of fewer thanPCs. Although Macintosh excited software developers, [81] they were required to learn how to write software that used the graphic user interface, [83] and early in the computer's history needed a Lisa 2 or Unix system to write Macintosh software. Until third-party Pascal compilers appeared, developers had to write software in other languages while still learning enough Pascal to understand Inside Macintosh.
A handle built into the top of the case made it easier for the computer to be lifted and carried. This was synonymous with the release of the iconic TV Advertisement by Apple.]
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