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Talcott Parsons 13 December — 8 May was an American sociologist of the classical traditionbest known for his social action theory and structural functionalism.

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Parsons is considered one of the most influential figures in sociology in the 20th century. Inhe was among the first professors in its new sociology department. Based on empirical data, Parsons' social action theory was the first broad, systematic, and generalizable theory of social systems developed in the United States and Europe. Their work heavily influenced Parsons' view and was the foundation for his social action theory.

Parsons viewed voluntaristic action through the lens of the cultural values and social structures that constrain choices and ultimately determine all social actions, as opposed to actions that are determined based on internal psychological processes.

Although Parsons is generally considered a structural functionalisttowards the end of his career, inhe published an article that stated that "functional" and "structural functionalist" were inappropriate ways Analysis Of Ashby School Psychology Department describe the character of his theory. From the s, a new generation of sociologists criticized Parsons' theories as socially conservative and his writings as unnecessarily complex.

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Sociology courses have placed less emphasis on his theories than at the peak of his popularity from the s to the s. However, there has been a recent Psycuology of interest in his ideas. Parsons was a strong advocate for the professionalization of sociology and its expansion in American academia. He was elected president of the American Sociological Association in and served as its secretary from to He was born on December 13,in Colorado SpringsColorado.

His father had attended Yale Divinity Schoolwas ordained as a Congregationalist minister, and served first as a minister for a pioneer community in GreeleyColorado. At the time of Parsons' birth, his father was a professor Departmeht English and vice-president at Colorado College. During his Congregational ministry in Greeley, Edward had become sympathetic to the Social Gospel movement but tended to view it from a higher theological position and was hostile to the ideology of socialism. The father would later become the president of Marietta College in Ohio.

Parsons' family is one of the oldest families in American history. His ancestors were some of the first to arrive from England in the first half of the 17th century. On his father's side, the family could be traced back to the Parsons of YorkMaine.

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On his mother's side, the Ingersoll line was connected with Edwards and from Edwards on would be a new, independent Parsons line because Edwards' eldest daughter, Sarah, married Analysis Of Ashby School Psychology Department Parsons on June 11, As an undergraduate, Parsons studied biology and philosophy at Amherst College and received his BA in Amherst College had become the Parsons' family college by tradition; his father and his uncle Frank had attended it, as had his elder brother, Charles Edward. Initially, Parsons was attracted to a career in medicine, as he was inspired by his elder brother [23] : so he studied a great deal of biology and spent a summer working at the Oceanographic Institution at Woods HoleMassachusetts.

Parsons' biology professors at Amherst were Otto C. Glaser and Henry Plough. Gently mocked as "Little Talcott, the gilded cherub," Parsons became one of the student leaders at Amherst.

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Parsons also took courses with Walton Hale Hamilton and the philosopher Clarence Edwin Ayresboth known as "institutional economists". Hamilton, in particular, drew Parsons toward social science.

Parsons also took a course with George Brown in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant and a course in modern German philosophy with Otto Manthey-Zorn, who was a great interpreter of Kant. Parsons showed from early on, a great interest in the topic of philosophywhich most likely was an echo of his father's great interest in theology in which tradition he had been profoundly socialized, a position unlike with his professors'. Two term papers that Parsons wrote as a student Asbhy Clarence E.]