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War is an intense armed conflict [a] between states , governments , societies , or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries , insurgents and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence , aggression , destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. Warfare refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general. While some scholars see war as a universal and ancestral aspect of human nature , [3] others argue it is a result of specific socio-cultural, economic or ecological circumstances. The word is related to the Old Saxon werran , Old High German werran , and the German verwirren , meaning "to confuse", "to perplex", and "to bring into confusion". The earliest evidence of prehistoric warfare is a Mesolithic cemetery in Jebel Sahaba , which has been determined to be approximately 14, years old.

Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict Video

Chapter 5 International Conflicts Part 1 Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict

Taipei is the capital as well as the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. With Although currently a minority, Austronesian -speaking indigenous peoples settled the island of Taiwan around 6, years ago. As a consequence of the Ming dynasty loyalist movement, a part of Taiwan was ruled briefly by the Kingdom of Tungning until the island was annexed in by the Qing dynasty of China. Although the ROC government continues to claim to be the legitimate representative of all Chinasince its effective jurisdiction has been limited to the islands of Taiwan, Matsu, Quemoy, Pescadores, and other maritime features.

In the early s, Taiwan entered a period of rapid economic growth and industrialisation called the " Taiwan Miracle ". In the late s and early s, the ROC transitioned from a one-party military dictatorship to a multi-party democracy with a semi-presidential system. Taiwan's export-oriented industrial economy is the 21st-largest in the world by nominal GDP, Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict 20th-largest by PPP measures, with major contributions from steel, machinery, electronics and chemicals manufacturing.

Taiwan is a developed country[18] [19] ranking 15th in GDP per capita. It is ranked highly in terms of political and civil liberties[20] educationhealth care [21] and human development. The political status of Taiwan is complicated.

Taiwan maintains official diplomatic relations with 14 out of UN member states and the Holy See. Many countries maintain unofficial diplomatic ties with Taiwan through representative offices and institutions that function as de facto embassies and consulates. Domestically, the major political contention is between parties favouring eventual Mzjor unification and promoting a Chinese identity contrasted with those aspiring to independence and promoting Taiwanese identityalthough both sides have moderated their positions to broaden their appeal. Various names for the island of Taiwan remain in use, Intrenational derived from explorers or rulers during a particular historical period. In the early 17th century, the Dutch East India Company established a commercial post at Fort Zeelandia modern-day AnpingTainan on a coastal sandbar called "Tayouan", [34] after their ethnonym for a nearby Taiwanese aboriginal tribe, possibly Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict peoplewritten by the Dutch and Portuguese variously as TaiouwangTayowanTeijoanetc.

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The area occupied by modern-day Tainan was the first permanent settlement by both European colonists and Chinese immigrants. The settlement grew to be the island's most important trading centre and served as its capital until Through its rapid development the entire Formosan mainland eventually became known as "Taiwan". The name also appears in the Book of Sui and other early works, but scholars cannot agree on whether these references are to the Ryukyus, Taiwan or even Luzon. The official name of the country is the "Republic of China"; it has also been known under various names throughout its existence. During the s and s, after the government had withdrawn to Taiwan upon losing the Chinese Civil Warit was commonly referred to as "Nationalist China" or " Free China " to differentiate it from "Communist China" or " Red China ". It was a member of the United Nations representing " China " untilwhen Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict lost its seat to the People's Republic of China.

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The Republic of China participates in most international forums and organizations under the name " Chinese Taipei " due to diplomatic pressure from the People's Republic of China. For instance, it is the name under which it has competed at the Olympic Games sinceand its name as an observer at the World Health Organization. Taiwan was joined to the mainland in the Late Pleistoceneuntil sea levels rose about 10, years ago. Fragmentary human remains dated 20, to 30, years ago have been found on the island, as well as later artifacts of a paleolithic culture. Around 6, years ago, Taiwan was settled by farmers, most likely from mainland China. Internatinal has led linguists to propose Taiwan as the urheimat of the family, from which seafaring peoples dispersed across Southeast Asia and the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

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Han Chinese fishermen Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict settling in the Penghu islands in the 13th century. Some of these fell under Dutch control, including the Kingdom of Middag in the central western plains, while others remained independent. Inthe Spanish Empire landed on and occupied northern Taiwan as a trading base, first at Keelung and in building Fort San Domingo at Tamsui. Following the fall of the Ming dynastyKoxinga Zheng Chenggonga self-styled Ming loyalist, arrived on the island and captured Fort Zeelandia inexpelling the Dutch Empire and military from the island.

Koxinga established the Kingdom of Tungning —with his capital at Tainan. He and his heirs, Zheng Jingwho ruled from toand Zheng Keshuangwho ruled less than a year, continued to launch raids on the southeast coast of mainland China well into the Qing dynasty era.

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Infollowing the defeat of Koxinga's grandson by an armada led by Admiral Shi Lang of southern Fujianthe Qing dynasty formally annexed Taiwan, placing it under the jurisdiction of Fujian province. The Qing imperial government tried to reduce piracy and vagrancy in the area, issuing a series of edicts to manage immigration and respect aboriginal land rights. Immigrants mostly from southern Fujian continued to enter Taiwan. The border between taxpaying lands and what Ingernational considered "savage" lands shifted eastward, with some aborigines becoming sinicized while others retreated into the mountains. During this time, there were a number of conflicts between different ethnic groups more info Han ChineseQuanzhou Minnanese feuding with Zhangzhou and Hakkas peasants, Ith Reference to One Major International Conflict major clan fights between Minnans HoklosHakkas and aborigines too.]