Its southern coast is on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. It is a federal republic comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territorywhere the capital, Abujais located. Lagos is the most populous city in the country and the African continent, as well as one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world. Inrigenous
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Nigeria has been home to several indigenous pre-colonial states and kingdoms since the second millennium BC, with the Nok Civilization having been the first time the country had been unified internally in the 15th Century B. The modern state originated with British colonialization in the 19th century, taking its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in by Lord Frederick Lugard.
The British set up administrative and legal structures while Considerayion indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms.
It experienced a civil war from tofollowed by a succession of democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorshipsuntil achieving a stable democracy in ; the presidential election was the first time an incumbent president had lost re-election. Nigeria is a multinational state inhabited by more than ethnic groups speaking distinct languagesall identifying with a wide variety of cultures.
Nigeria is also a member of the informal MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next emerging economies, as well as the " Next Eleven " economies, which are set to become among the Native English Indigenous Consideration Activity in the world. The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined on January 8,by British journalist Flora Shawwho later married Lord Lugarda British colonial administrator.
The neighbouring Niger takes its name from the same river. The origin of the name Nigerwhich originally applied to only the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain.
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The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-iger ewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches NNative the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. It produced life-sized terracotta figures that are some of the earliest known sculptures in Sub-Saharan Africa [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] and smelted iron by about BC and possibly a few centuries earlier.
The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in ]
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