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Studies involving the zebra finch, a songbird, are helping researchers learn how the brain memorizes and learns songs. The findings, published online today in Science Advancesmay help explain the deficits in speech and language that often accompany ASD and could eventually lead to new treatments specifically targeting this aspect of the disorder.
Study leader Todd Roberts, Ph. Songbirds such more info zebra finches also learn complex vocalizations from caregivers songs are passed on to male offspring typically from their fathers.
Much like humans, these animals have intricate brain circuitry devoted to this task, found in a region of the brain in the birds often referred to as the high vocal center, or HVC. Because of the parallels between language learning in humans and song learning in the birds, Roberts says, songbirds are often Disorrder as a scientific model for understanding speech development in people, including conditions in which vocal communication is changed.
In their research, Roberts and his colleagues used zebra finches to study the role of a gene called FoxP1one of the genes most correlated with ASD. Mutations of this gene cause a specific subtype of autism linked with severe language impairment and intellectual disability. Roberts, a Thomas O. Hicks Scholar in Medical Research, explains that learning vocalizations for both songbirds and humans consists link two different stages: First, birds and humans must form a memory of sounds. Next, they practice the sounds through imitation.
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To better understand the role FoxP1 might play in both parts of this process, the researchers separated young zebra finches into two groups: Half the birds spent https://amazonia.fiocruz.br/scdp/essay/media-request-css/observation-reflective-observation-report.php early lives in contact with their singing fathers and continued to live with them while they practiced their songs; the other half spent their early lives with their songless mothers and later joined their fathers during the practice phase.
If How Are Aspects of Disorder Developed in gene was knocked down during the practice phase, these birds could still correctly mimic the songs. However, birds in which FoxP1 was inactivated before memorization sang haphazard songs that bore no resemblance to the ones their fathers sang. If this finding is reinforced in future studies, he adds, it could lead to new types of therapy for children with autism.]
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