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Weber's Bureaucracy

Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy - question

Bureaucracy in a political theory is mainly a centralized form of management and tends to be differentiated from adhocracy , in which management tends more to decentralization. Various commentators have noted the necessity of bureaucracies in modern society. The German sociologist Max Weber argued that bureaucracy constitutes the most efficient and rational way in which human activity can be organized and that systematic processes and organized hierarchies are necessary to maintain order, to maximize efficiency , and to eliminate favoritism. On the other hand, Weber also saw unfettered bureaucracy as a threat to individual freedom , with the potential of trapping individuals in an impersonal " iron cage " of rule-based, rational control. Modern bureaucracy has been defined as comprising four features: [12]. The late M. The first known English-language use dates to [13] with Irish novelist Lady Morgan referring to the apparatus used by the British to subjugate their Irish colony as "the Bureaucratie, or office tyranny, by which Ireland has so long been governed. In this context "bureaucracy" was seen as a distinct form of management , often subservient to a monarchy. Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy

Weberian bureaucracy was a term coined by Max Weber, a notable German sociologist, political economist, and administrative scholar, who contributed to the study of bureaucracy, administrative discourses, and literature during the mids and early s. In his masterpiece, Economy and Society, Weber described many ideal types of public administration and governance. His critical Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy of the bureaucratization of society was one of the most enduring parts of this work. It was Weber who began the study of bureaucracy and whose works led to the popularization of this term. Many aspects of modern public administration date back to him.

Weber listed the following as preconditions for the emergence of bureaucracy: the growth in size and density of the population being administered, the growth in complexity of the administrative tasks being carried out, and the existence of a monetary economy requiring a more efficient administrative system.

As a result of the development of communication and transportation technologies, like telegraphs and automobiles, a more efficient administration became not only possible but demanded by the public. Accompanying this shift was an increasing democratization and rationalization of culture. This resulted in public demands for a new administrative system that treated all humans equally. Weber identified in bureaucracies a rational-legal authority in which legitimacy Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy seen as coming from a legal order.

Key Points

The majority of modern bureaucratic officials and political leaders represent this type of authority. However, while recognizing bureaucracy as the most efficient form of organization, and perhaps indispensable for the modern state, Weber also saw it as a threat to individual freedoms. For Weber, the implementation of bureaucracies in government was a kind of rationalization, in which traditional motivators for behavior were cast aside. Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy of utilizing traditions, emotions, or values to motivate behavior, in a bureaucracy, people used rational calculation.

Rational-Legal Authority

According to Weber, the shift Bureauctacy old forms of mobility, like kinship, to new forms, like strict, legal rules, was a direct result of the growth of bureaucracy and capitalism. Rational-Legal Authority Weber identified in bureaucracies a rational-legal authority in which legitimacy is seen as coming from a legal order.

Kafka Idael Weber : This is an illustration of the fiction writer, Franz Kafka, who wrote about bureaucratic nightmares, and the sociologist, Max Weber, who studied bureaucracies. Key Points Weber listed several preconditions for the emergence of bureaucracy: the growth in size of the population being administered, the growth in complexity of the administrative tasks being carried out, and the existence of a monetary economy requiring a more efficient administrative system. Weber identified in bureaucracies a rational-legal authority Webers Ideal Type Bureaucracy which legitimacy is seen as coming from a legal order and the laws enacted within it.]