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Really: Classism The Concept

Feudalismalso known as the feudal systemwas a combination of the legal, economic, military, and cultural customs that flourished in Medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries.

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Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships that were derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor. Although it is derived from the Latin Health Care and Nursing Home feodum or feudum fief[1] which was used during the Medieval period, the term feudalism and the system which it describes were not conceived of as a formal political system by the people who lived during the Middle Ages. A broader definition of feudalism, as described by Marc Blochincludes not only the obligations of the warrior nobility but the obligations of all three estates of the realm : the nobility, the clergyand the peasantryall of whom were bound by a system of manorialism ; this is Classism The Concept referred to as a "feudal society". Since the publication of Elizabeth A. Brown 's "The Tyranny of a Construct" and Susan Reynolds 's Fiefs and Vassalsthere has been ongoing inconclusive discussion among medieval historians as to whether feudalism is a useful construct for understanding medieval society.

There is no commonly accepted modern definition of feudalism, at least among scholars. A broader definition, as described in Marc Bloch 's Feudal Society[10] includes not only the obligations of the warrior nobility but the obligations of all three estates of the realm : the nobility, the Classism The Conceptand those who lived off their labor, most directly the peasantry which was bound by a system of manorialism ; this order is often referred to as a "feudal society", echoing Bloch's usage. Outside its European context, [4] the concept of feudalism is often used by analogymost often in discussions of feudal Japan under the shogunsand sometimes in discussions of the Zagwe dynasty in medieval Ethiopia[11] which Classism The Concept some feudal characteristics sometimes called "semifeudal".

The term feudalism has also been applied—often inappropriately or pejoratively—to non-Western societies where institutions and attitudes which are similar to those which existed in medieval Europe are perceived to prevail. The root of the term "feudal" originates in the Aryan word pe'kumeaning "cattle", and possessed cognates in many other Indo-European Classism The Concept Sanskrit pacu"cattle"; Latin pecus cf.

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In the 18th century, Adam Smithseeking to describe economic systems, effectively coined the forms "feudal government" and "feudal system" in his see more Wealth of Nations Inin his History of ManchesterJohn Whitaker first introduced the word "feudalism" and the notion of the feudal Classism The Concept. The term "feudal" or "feodal" is derived from the medieval Latin word feodum.

The etymology of feodum is complex with multiple theories, some suggesting a Germanic origin the most widely held view and others suggesting an Classism The Concept origin. Initially in medieval Latin European documents, a land grant in exchange for service was called a beneficium Latin.

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The most widely held theory was proposed by Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern in[21] [22] being supported by, amongst others, William Stubbs [20] [23] and Marc Bloch. This was known as feosa term that took on the general meaning of paying Classism The Concept something in lieu of money.

This meaning was then applied to land itself, in which land was used to pay for fealty, such as to a vassal.]