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The incorrect: The Reforms Of Gaius Marius And The

They attempted to pass land reform AAnd that would redistribute the major patrician landholdings among The Reforms Of Gaius Marius And The plebeians. A general body of free Roman citizens who were part of the lower Testament Analysis Crow of society.

The exact dates of this period of crisis are unclear or are in dispute from scholar to scholar. Though the causes and attributes of individual crises varied throughout the decades, an underlying theme of conflict between the aristocracy and ordinary citizens drove the majority of actions. Optimates were a traditionalist majority of the late Roman Andd. They wished to limit the power of the popular assemblies and the Tribune of the Plebeians, and to extend the power of the Senate, which was viewed as more dedicated to the interests of the aristocrats. In particular, they were concerned with the rise of individual generals, who, backed by the tribunate, the assemblies, and their own soldiers, could shift power from the Senate and aristocracy.

Many members of this faction were so-classified because they used the backing of the aristocracy and the Senate to achieve personal goals, not necessarily because they favored the aristocracy over the lower classes. Similarly, the populists did not necessarily champion the lower classes, but often used their support to achieve personal goals.

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Following a period of great military successes and economic failures of the early Republican period, many plebeian calls for reform among the classes had been quieted. However, many new slaves were being imported from abroad, causing an unemployment crisis among the lower classes.

A flood of unemployed citizens entered Rome, giving rise to populist ideas throughout the city. Tiberius Gracchus took office as a tribune of the plebeians in late BCE. At the time, Roman society was a highly stratified class system with tensions bubbling below the surface. This system consisted of noble families of the senatorial rank patriciansthe knight or equestrian class, citizens grouped into two or three classes of self-governing allies of Rome: landowners; and plebs, or tenant freemen, depending on the time periodnon-citizens who lived outside of southwestern Italy, and at the bottom, slaves.

The government owned large tracts of farm land that it had gained through invasion or escheat.

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This land was rented out to either large landowners whose slaves tilled the land, or small tenant farmers who occupied the property on the basis of a sub-lease. Beginning in BCE, Tiberius tried to redress the grievances of displaced small tenant farmers. He bypassed the Roman Senate, The Reforms Of Gaius Marius And The passed a law limiting the amount of land belonging to the state that any individual could farm, which resulted in the dissolution of large plantations maintained by rich landowners on public land.

When Tiberius sought re-election to his one-year term an unprecedented actionthe oligarchic nobles responded by murdering Tiberius, and mass riots broke out in the city in reaction to the assassination. Once again, the situation Bcg Matrix in violence and murder as Gaius fled Rome and was either murdered by oligarchs or committed suicide.

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The deaths of the Gracchi brothers marked the beginning of a late Republic trend in which tensions and conflicts erupted in violence. The next major reformer of the time was Gaius Marius, who like the Gracchi, was a populist who championed the lower classes.

He was a general who abolished the property requirement for becoming a soldier, which allowed the poor to enlist in large numbers. Over the next few decades, An and Marius engaged in a series of conflicts that culminated in Sulla seizing power and marching to Asia Minor against the decrees of the Senate.

The two were elected in 70 BCE and held true to their word.]