The Disastrous Social Impacts Caused By The - amazonia.fiocruz.br

The Disastrous Social Impacts Caused By The Video

Chairman Mao Zedong launched the campaign to reconstruct the country from an agrarian economy into a communist society through the formation of people's communes.

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Mao decreed increased efforts to multiply grain yields and bring industry to the countryside. Local officials were fearful of Anti-Rightist Campaigns and competed to fulfill or over-fulfill quotas based on Mao's exaggerated claims, collecting "surpluses" that in fact did not exist and leaving farmers to starve. Higher officials did not dare to report the economic disaster caused by these policies, and national officials, blaming bad weather for the decline in food output, took little or no action.

Chief changes in the lives of rural Chinese people included the incremental introduction of mandatory agricultural collectivization. Private farming was prohibited, and those engaged in it were persecuted and labeled counter-revolutionaries.

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Restrictions on rural people were enforced through public struggle sessions and social pressure, although people also experienced forced labor. In short, the Great Leap was a very expensive disaster".

Mao did not retreat from his policies and instead blamed problems on bad implementation and "rightists" for opposing him. He initiated the Socialist Education Movement in and the Cultural Revolution in in order to remove opposition and re-consolidate his power. In addition, dozens of dams constructed in Zhumadian, Henanduring the Great Leap Forward collapsed in under the influence of Typhoon Nina and resulted in one of the greatest man-made catastrophes in historywith an estimated death toll between tens of thousands toImmediately, landlords and wealthier farmers had their land holdings forcibly redistributed to poorer peasants. In the agricultural sectors, crops deemed by the Party to be "full of evil", such as opiumwere destroyed and replaced with crops such as rice.

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Within the Party, there were major debates about redistribution. A moderate faction within the party and Politburo member Liu Shaoqi argued that change should be gradual and any collectivization of the peasantry should wait until industrializationwhich could provide the agricultural machinery for mechanized farming. A more radical faction led by Mao Zedong argued that the best way to finance industrialization was for the government to take control of agriculture, thereby establishing a monopoly over grain distribution and supply. This would allow the state to buy at a low price and sell much higher, thus raising the capital necessary for the industrialization of the country. Beforepeasants had farmed their own small pockets of land and observed traditional practices—festivals, banquets, and paying homage to ancestors.]