Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone - amazonia.fiocruz.br

Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone Video

Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the latter case, please turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page. The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made Melatnoin by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.

Background: Infantile spasm IS is one of the most common catastrophic epilepsy syndromes in infancy characterized by epileptic spasm.

While adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH is the first-line treatment for IS, it is evident that the seizures associated with IS exhibit a clear circadian rhythm; however, the precise mechanisms underlying such seizures Melatonim unclear. Melatonin is an Sttimulation amine hormone and is regulated Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone circadian rhythm. This study explored the relationships between melatonin, genes associated with circadian rhythm, and epileptic see more. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female rats were mated with nine male rats and 16 became pregnant. Twelve pregnant rats were subjected to prenatal stress by forced swimming in cold water from the day of conception. Offspring from four dams that were not subjected to prenatal stress were used as controls. We then recorded latency and the frequency of flexion seizures.

Results: NMDA induced spasm-like symptoms in rats. The anticonvulsant effects of ACTH and melatonin are likely to involve regulation of the expression of these genes. Infantile spasm IS is a catastrophic and age-specific epilepsy syndrome characterized by epileptic spasm that occurs in infancy and can exert severe effects on growth and development. IS seizures are associated with circadian rhythm and mostly occur Melatoniin infants experience arousal conditions and during the daytime, particularly during early drowsiness or after awakening; seizures are very rare during sleep 1 — 4. The specific pathogenesis of IS has yet Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone be fully elucidated although previous studies have suggested that it may be associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal HPA axis 5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTHas an intermediate product of the HPA axis, and because of its ability to reduce levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone CRH via negative feedback, is commonly used as a first-line treatment for IS; however, the precise mechanism involved remains unclear.

Associated Data

The HPA axis is known to be closely related to the circadian Hormoje. For example, a number of studies have demonstrated a circadian rhythm in the neuronal regulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus 6 — 8. Based on such findings, it is possible that the pathogenesis of IS may be related to the excessive release of CRH in the hypothalamus. Previous research has demonstrated a close relationship Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone ACTH and circadian rhythm 9 — However, whether ACTH can alter the expression levels of genes responsible for the circadian rhythm in IS, and whether its anticonvulsant effects are related to the regulation of circadian rhythm genes, remains Groqth. These proteins interact with each other to influence the transcription of other circadian rhythm genes which mediate various physiological read more pathological processes in the nervous system 12 Several studies have shown that epilepsy is closely related to the circadian rhythm.

For example, Quigg et al. In another study, Durazzo et al.

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These findings indicated that the endogenous circadian rhythm differentially influences the manifestations of epilepsy in different regions of the brain However, whether the pathogenesis of IS is related to abnormalities in factors associated with the circadian rhythm has yet to be fully elucidated. Melatonin is an amine hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland, which is regulated by Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone circadian rhythm and can also exert effects upon the circadian rhythm. The secreted levels of melatonin during the night can be 5—10 times higher than that during the daytime; consequently, Mechanism of Melatonin Stimulation of Growth Hormone can be used as a drug for sleep disorders to regulate circadian rhythms in patients with insomnia 16 — Previous studies have shown that epilepsy is associated with melatonin levels.

For example, the administration of exogenous melatonin can reduce the number of seizures, prolong the latency to seizure and reduce the severity of epilepsy 19 However, the precise mechanism underlying this protective effect, and whether melatonin can restore the expression of circadian rhythm genes in IS, has yet to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to observe the role of the circadian rhythm in the pathogenesis of epileptic spasm and to investigate whether the anticonvulsant effects of ACTH and melatonin are related to the regulation of circadian rhythm factors in an N-methyl-D-aspartate NMDA -induced infant rat model of acute spasm.

Food and drinking water were provided ad libitum and the rats were allowed to acclimatize for 1 week prior to experimentation. Female rats were then mated with male rats.

The presence of a vaginal plug was considered as gestational day 1; in total, 16 female rats became pregnant. From gestational day 1, 12 pregnant dams were subjected to stress. Thereafter, the rats Mechansim removed from the bucket and dried in a heated container for 10 min before being returned click the cage.

Stress was administered daily until parturition.]