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HARARE, Zimbabwe —In the densely forested, oil-and-gas-rich northeast corner of Mozambique, a local Islamic insurgency has steadily escalated with a growing allegiance to the Islamic State and the arrival of foreign fighters using operational techniques similar to those from conflicts in Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq. Insurgents decapitated as many as 50 people in attacks on several villages earlier this month in Cabo Delgado province, according to Police Commander Bernardino Rafael. The attacks in the mainly Christian area of Muidumbe were condemned by the United Nations , which this week called for an investigation into the reports that militants had massacred villagers and beheaded women and children. The beheadings reflected the continuing expansion of the insurgency that began in earnest in October along the northern coastal area of Cabo Delgado but has moved to the interior into the heartland of the Makonde tribe of Mozambican President Filipe Nyusi. Nyusi and Mozambican Defense Minister Jaime Neto have accused the insurgents of being armed from outside the country. The United States is also seeing the hallmarks of the Islamic State on the conflict. In August, Maj. Dagvin R. Islamic State West Africa Province

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Africa: Islamic State's next frontier - The Economist

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As the authors stress in this article and an upcoming book, the overall resilience of the Islamic State in Africa should not be a surprise; it underscores that while connections were built up between Islamic State Central and its African affiliates—with the former providing, at times, some degree of strategic Islamic State West Africa Province, coordination, and material assistance—the latter have historically evolved under their own steam and acted with a significant degree of autonomy. Beginning inindividual jihadis and groups of jihadis around the African continent have pledged allegiance to Islamic State Central. By the end ofthe Islamic State had already declared five official provinces—or wilayat —in Africa: three in Libya and one each in Algeria and the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt.

Elsewhere in places such as Morocco and Kenya, and other countries, individuals inspired by Islamic State Central would undertake violence in its name. Elsewhere, Islamic State provinces like Algeria and non-province affiliates, which had historically been quiet, suffered no discernible declines. The authors drew on a wide variety of sources, including open-source reporting in various international media, interviews with observers on the ground, and analysis of open-source propaganda by the groups themselves.

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In these efforts, its members undertook widespread governance efforts of varying efficacy, many of which were marked by brutal human rights abuses for citizens who resisted its rule. Media production by the Islamic State in Libya also declined after According to Zelin, Libyan Islamic State groups produced only four videos Islamic State West Africa Province andf despite the various provinces having produced nearly 50 media products between and However, the disastrous decline-cementing for Islamic State Central does not appear to have further weakened the Islamic State in Libya.

With only an estimated to fighters in southern Libya according to a U. So unable was the group to overcome the crackdown by security forces that the most recent attack claimed by the Islamic State in northern Algeria was an August 31,suicide bombing in Tiaret. While militant activity and security force actions have continued in northern Algeria—meaning that a future resurgence of Islamic State-affiliated militancy is not impossible—Wilayat Jazair as an organized entity in northern Algeria appears to remain defunct.

This threat was further highlighted in December when Egyptian Islamic State West Africa Province Minister Magdy Abdel-Ghaffar narrowly escaped a brazen assassination attempt by Wilayat Sinai at al-Arish airport. InWilayat Sinai continued to wage a low-level insurgency in the North Sinai governorate as highlighted by a series of attacks against Egyptian military positions and pro-government tribesmen across the region since June 1, This was reflected in recent analysis featured in this publication, which assessed violence committed by Islamic State-affiliated groups on the African continent. As per the cited analysis, ISWAP Core claimed some attacks inwhich were distributed quite evenly across the year.

INTELBRIEF

The decline-cementing calamities suffered by Islamic State Central in do not therefore appear to have affected the trajectory of the Islamic State jihad in northeastern Nigeria and Afrixa Lake Chad region. A video released by the Islamic State media agency Amaq on October 30,showed al-Sahraoui and his men pledging allegiance to al-Baghdadi, Islamic State West Africa Province despite acknowledgment of its presence from Isoamic State Central, ISGS was not elevated to the status of wilaya.

Green Berets and five Nigerien counterparts—served to definitively thrust ISGS from relative regional obscurity to the headlines. He also took the opportunity to credit ISGS founder Adnan Abu Walid al-Sahraoui as a subregional interlocutor, by explicitly mentioning and praising him, and called on Sahelian militants to intensify operations against France and its allies in the region. In Maythey launched a string of attacks across Tillaberi, including a complex mass-casualty ambush not far from Tongo Tongo. To the contrary, its operations remained robust.

In Februaryin order to counter the advance of jihadi groups in the borderlands between central Mali, northern Burkina Faso, and western Niger, France announced the deployment of supplemental troops, underlining the threat that ISGS had become. ISGS has sustained its violence in the Sahel.

Islamic State West Africa Province During a one-year period between May and Mayit undertook 18 attacks that Afriva more than soldiers dead in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. This invited a response from the United States, which began targeting the group with airstrikes in October Throughoutthe Islamic State in Somalia, also according to the Long War The Engineer Ultimate Satisfying Solution, has launched no more than four attacks per month, though even many of these cannot be verified. Following a failed rebellion in western Uganda inits members were forced to flee to eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, where they embedded themselves within local conflict dynamics as violence spiraled into two regional wars and enduring instability. Even prior to the first official claim of an attack in the DRC, Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi visited Washington in April seeking assistance for fighting the ADF, framing it as a fight against the Islamic State, two and a half months after he Islamic State West Africa Province assumed office.

The ADF responded with vicious reprisal attacks on civilians as it tried to divert the FARDC from the frontlines, r Provunce appears to have relocated most of its fighters to new areas in Beni and neighboring Irumu territories, as well as reestablished recruitment and finance networks in Uganda. A brief lull in massacres perpetrated by the terrorists was followed by a rapid escalation beginning in March as the ADF attempted to clear civilians from its new areas of operation. In the first of these large scale raids on March 23,as many as insurgents briefly seized parts of Mocimboa da Praia, the birthplace of the movement. Entering the town on August 5,it managed to seize it entirely by August On Statee 14, Mozambican militants crossed the Rovuma River, which divides northern Mozambique from southern Tanzania, attacking the town of Kitaya.]