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The California State Prison System is a system of prisonsfire campscontract beds, reentry programs, and other special programs administered by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation CDCR Division of Adult Institutions to incarcerate approximatelypeople as of April Correctinoal Brown that the state failed to provide a constitutional level of medical Correctional Design to its prisoners. Sincethe state has been Communication Communication Essay court order to reduce prison overcrowding to no higher than Correctional Design California's first state prison was the Wabana ton wooden ship anchored in San Francisco Bay.

Men incarcerated on the Waban constructed California's oldest Correctional Design state prison, San Quentin State Prisonwhich opened in California's newest state prison, California Health Care Facilityopened in as part of the state's response to the federal court ruling in Plata v.

Today, Correctiomal owns and operates 34 state prisons. CDCR additionally staffs California City Correctional Facilitywhich was leased from CoreCivic starting in as part of measures to reduce state prison overcrowding. Two facilities, California Institute for Women and Central California Women's Facilityare designated for women, and additionally Folsom State Prison houses men and women in separate facilities.

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The Legislative Analyst's Office describes four special missions for specific California state prisons, which impact their design and staffing [3] :. While capital punishment is still legal in California, the last execution was in and Governor Gavin Newsom issued a Correctional Design on executions in See Capital punishment in California for further details. Over the past 4 decades, the California prison system has been substantially shaped by a set of legislative initiatives that caused a large increase in the prison population, which resulted in severe prison overcrowding and unconstitutional living conditions.

Those conditions led to a set of Correctional Design cases that mandated a reduction in overcrowding and changes to prison services, which resulted in a number of legislative initiatives to reduce overcrowding and improve conditions. California's prison population grew dramatically after the passage of the Uniform Determinate Sentencing Act of It also required a mandatory year-to-life sentence for any felony if the person convicted had two prior "serious or violent" felony convictions. Three Strikes was one of the largest drivers of California's increasing prison population over the next 2 decades.

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The highest recorded CDCR daily prison population was on October 20,withpeople under custody. In response to this population growth, between and California built 21 of the 35 prisons that CDCR currently operates in the state see List of California state prisons for full details. Correctional Design

Despite this construction, most Correctional Design the prisons continued to be overcrowded. Inthe court ruled in federal class action civil rights lawsuit Plata v. Brown that CDCR failed to provide a constitutional level of medical care to its Correctiknal and ordered the state's prison medical care system be put into receivership.

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The receivership started in and is still active. After the state's prison population peaked ina three-judge panel was convened in Plata and Coleman.

This panel ordered the state to reduce its prison population Correctional Design The court order is still https://amazonia.fiocruz.br/scdp/blog/work-experience-programme/effective-learning-the-constructivist-view-of-learning.php. Since that court order, the state has taken several Correctional Design to reduce prison overcrowding. InCalifornia passed Public Safety Realignmentwhich altered sentencing and supervision guidelines to shift responsibility for some prisoners to counties. Under Realignment, people with convictions for "non-serious, non-violent, non-sex" crimes serve their sentences in county jails and are under county community supervision upon release. CDCR also contracted with private companies to incarcerate thousands of people in Correctional Design facilities in other states.

Other legislative changes to reduce prison overcrowding include California Proposition 47which changed some felonies to misdemeanors, and California Proposition 57which allowed the parole board to release people convicted of "non-violent" crimes once they served the full sentence for their primary offense.]