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In narratology and comparative mythologythe hero's journeyor the monomythis the common template of stories that involve a hero who goes on an adventureis victorious in a decisive crisisand comes home changed or transformed.

Earlier figures had proposed similar Heros Journey Archetype, including psychologist Otto Rank and amateur anthropologist Lord Raglanwho discuss hero narrative patterns in terms of Freudian psychoanalysis and ritualism. Eventually hero myth pattern studies were popularized by Joseph Arcnetypewho was influenced by Carl Jung 's analytical psychology. Campbell used the monomyth to deconstruct and compare religions.

In his famous book The Hero with a Thousand Faceshe describes the narrative pattern as follows:. A hero ventures forth from the world of common day into a region of supernatural wonder: fabulous forces are there encountered and a decisive victory is won: the hero comes back from this mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on his fellow man. Campbell's Joudney regarding the concept of a "monomyth" have been the subject of criticism from scholars, particularly folklorists scholars active in folklore studieswho have dismissed the concept as a non-scholarly approach suffering from source-selection bias among other criticisms. Heros Journey Archetype

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The study of Archhetype myth narratives can be traced back to with anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor 's observations of common Arcnetype in the plots of heroes' journeys. Campbell borrowed the word monomyth from James Joyce 's Finnegans Wake Campbell was a notable scholar of Joyce's work and in A Skeleton Key to Finnegans Source co-authored the seminal analysis of Joyce's final novel. The phrase "the hero's journey", used in reference to Campbell's monomyth, first entered into Heros Journey Archetype discourse through two documentaries. Heros Journey Archetype second was Bill Moyers 's series of seminal interviews with Campbell, released in as the documentary and companion book The Power of Myth. Cousineau in the introduction to the revised edition of The Hero's Journey wrote "the monomyth is in effect a metamytha philosophical reading of the unity of mankind's spiritual history, the Story behind the story".

Campbell describes 17 stages of the monomyth.

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Not all monomyths necessarily contain Heros Journey Archetype 17 stages explicitly; some myths may focus on Joufney one of the Heros Journey Archetype, while others may deal with the stages in a somewhat different order. The 17 stages may be organized in Heros Journey Archetype number of ways, including division into three "acts" or sections:.

In the departure part of the narrative, the hero or protagonist lives in the ordinary world Will Coffee Effect Growth Of A receives a call to go on Heros Journey Archetype adventure. The hero is reluctant to follow the call, but is helped by a mentor figure. The initiation section begins with the hero then traversing the threshold to an unknown or "special world", where he faces tasks or trials, either alone or with the assistance of helpers. The hero eventually reaches "the Jounrey cave" or the central crisis of his adventure, where he must undergo "the ordeal" where he overcomes the main obstacle or enemy, undergoing " apotheosis " and gaining his reward a treasure or " elixir ". The hero must then return to the ordinary world with his reward. He may be pursued by the guardians of the special world, or he may be reluctant to return, and may be rescued or forced to return by intervention from the outside.

In the return section, the hero again traverses the threshold between the worlds, returning to the ordinary world with the treasure or elixir he gained, which he may now use for the benefit of his fellow man. The hero himself is transformed by the adventure and gains wisdom Archetyp spiritual power over both worlds. The hero begins in a situation of normality from which some information is received that acts as a call to head off into the unknown. According to Campbell, this region is represented by.

The hero can go forth of their own volition to accomplish the adventure, as did Theseus when he arrived in his father's city, Athens, and heard the horrible history of the Minotaur Journwy or they may be carried or sent abroad by some benign or malignant agent as was Odysseusdriven about the Mediterranean by the winds of the angered god, Poseidon. The adventure may begin as a mere blunder Examples might be multiplied, ad infinitumfrom every corner of the world. Often when the call is given, the future hero first refuses to heed it. This may be from a sense of duty or obligation, fear, insecurity, a sense of inadequacy, or any of a range of reasons that work to hold the person Heros Journey Archetype his current circumstances. Campbell says that.]