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Scientific Research An Academic Publisher. Critique and Counter-Critique. Nobody in their right mind would ever accept the idea that someone , anyone , would be electrocuted in the presence of certified researchers in the psychology lab on the campus of Yale University in New Haven , Connecticut. This is because in the last few years all three studies have attracted heated criticisms that have attempted to undermine their internal validity Brannigan, ; Brannigan et al. Any lecturers—and textbook authors for that matter—who continue to present the original versions of these three studies in the absence of the contemporary critical literature will be performing a serious disservice to students. But with the obedience studies having recently attracted a barrage of criticism Brannigan, ; Brannigan et al. As this article will show, although our past research illustrates we are no blinkered admirers of the obedience studies, we are also of the view that—for the most part—the study remains internally valid and, thus, despite the critical content of the latest literature, it should continue to be regarded as a study of significance. In the early s Milgram published the first of his many obedience study variations. The experimenter informs both persons that they have volunteered to take part in an experiment investigating the effects of punishment on learning. Stanley Milgram 1963.

Stanley Milgram 1963 Video

A Study of 'Obedience to Authority' - Milgram (1963)

The Milgram Experiment Stanley Milgram Experiment: Focusing on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. Investigate: Whether Germans were particularly obedient to authority figures as this Stanley Milgram 1963 a common explanation for the Nazi killings in World War II. Milgram selected participants for his experiment by advertising for male participants to take part Stanley Milgram 1963 a study of learning at Yale University. The learner a confederate called Mr.

Wallace was taken into a room and had electrodes attached to his arms, and the teacher and researcher went into a room next door that contained an electric shock generator and a row of switches marked from 15 volts Slight Shock to volts Danger: Severe Shock to volts XXX. Stanley Milgram was interested in how easily ordinary people could be influenced into committing atrocities for example, Germans in WWII. Participants were 40 males, aged between 20 and 50, bias: All male whose jobs ranged from unskilled to professional. At the beginning of the experiment they were introduced to another participant, who was actually a confederate of the experimenter Milgram.

They drew straws to determine their roles — leaner or teacher — although this was fixed and the confederate always ended to the learner. Wallace was strapped to a chair in another room with electrodes. The teacher is told to administer an electric shock every time the learner makes a mistake, increasing the level of shock each time. There were 30 switches on the shock generator marked from 15 volts slight shock to danger — severe shock. The learner gave Stanley Milgram 1963 wrong answers on purpose and for each of these the teacher gave him an electric shock. Prod 3: It is absolutely essential that you continue.

Prod 4: you have no other choice but to continue. All the participants continued to volts. Milgram did more than one experiment — he carried out 18 variations of his study.

All he did was alter the situation IV to see how this affected obedience DV. Conclusion: Ordinary people are Milgra to follow orders given by an authority figure, even to the extent of killing an innocent human being. Obedience to authority is ingrained in us all from the way we are brought up. Obey parents, teachers, anyone Stanley Milgram 1963 authority etc.

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I set up a simple experiment at Milgrzm University to test how Stanley Milgram 1963 pain an ordinary citizen would inflict on another person simply because he was ordered to by an experimental scientist. The extreme willingness of adults to go to almost any lengths on the command of an authority constitutes the chief finding of the study and the fact most urgently demanding explanation. Factors Affecting Obedience The Milgram experiment was carried out many times whereby Milgram varied the basic procedure changed the IV. By doing this Milgram could identify which factors affected obedience the DV. But when the experimenter dressed in everyday clothes obedience was very low.

When the experimenter instructed and prompted the teacher by telephone from another room, obedience fell to We obey in a variety of real-life situations that are far more subtle than instructions to give people electric shocks, and it would be interesting to see what factors operate in everyday obedience. The sort of situation Milgram investigated would be more suited to a military context. Do the findings transfer to females? This is because they became participants only by electing to respond to a newspaper advertisement selecting themselves. Finally, they probably all had a similar income since they were willing to spend Stanley Milgram 1963 hours working for a given amount of money.

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