Working With Children With Special Needs When - amazonia.fiocruz.br

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Special education also known as special-needs educationaided educationexceptional educationspecial ed. Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings.

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These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their go here which may not be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.

Special education includes learning disabilities such as dyslexiacommunication disordersemotional and behavioral disorders such as ADHDphysical disabilities such as osteogenesis imperfectacerebral palsyWirking dystrophyspina bifidaand Friedreich's ataxiaand developmental disabilities such as autistic spectrum disorders including autism and Asperger syndrome and intellectual disability and many other disabilities. Intellectual giftedness is a difference in learning and can also benefit from specialized teaching techniques or different educational programs, but the term "special education" is generally used to specifically indicate instruction of disabled students. Gifted education is handled separately.

Whereas special education is designed specifically for students with learning disabilities, remedial education can be designed for any students, with or without special needs; the defining trait is simply that they have reached a point of unpreparedness, regardless of why. For example, even people of high intelligence can be under-prepared if their education was disrupted, for example, by internal displacement during civil disorder or a war. In most developed countriesSpecisl modify teaching methods and environments so that the maximum number of students are served in general education environments.

Wrking Therefore, special education in developed countries is often regarded as a WWhen rather than a place. The opposite of special education is general education. General education is the standard curriculum presented without special teaching methods or supports. Students receiving special education services can sometimes enroll in a General education setting to learn along with students without disabilities. Some children are easily identified as candidates for special needs due to their medical history.

For example, they may have been diagnosed with a genetic condition that is associated with intellectual disabilitymay have various forms of brain damagemay have a developmental disordermay have visual or hearing disabilities, or other disabilities.

On the other hand, for students with less obvious disabilities, such as those who have learning difficulties, two primary methods have been used for identifying them: the discrepancy model and Working With Children With Special Needs When response to intervention model.

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The discrepancy model depends on the teacher noticing that the students' achievements are noticeably below what is expected. At which the teacher may make the decision for the student to receive support from a special education specialist. Before doing so, the teacher must show documentation of low academic achievement.

The response to intervention model advocates earlier intervention. In the discrepancy model, a student receives special education services for a specific learning difficulty SLD if the student has at least normal intelligence and the student's academic achievement is below what is expected of a student with his or her IQ. Although the discrepancy model has dominated the school system for many years, there has been substantial criticism of this approach Worrking.

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One reason for criticism is that diagnosing SLDs on the basis of the discrepancy between achievement and IQ does not predict the effectiveness of treatment. Low academic achievers who also have low IQ appear to benefit from treatment just as much as low academic achievers who have normal or high intelligence. The alternative approach, response to intervention, identifies children who are having difficulties in school in their first or second year after starting school. They then receive additional assistance such as participating in a reading remediation program. The response of the children to this intervention then determines whether they are designated as having a learning disability.

Those few who still have trouble may then receive designation and further assistance. Sternberg has argued that early remediation can greatly reduce the number of children meeting diagnostic criteria for learning disabilities.

He has also suggested that the focus on learning disabilities and the provision of accommodations in school fails to acknowledge that people have a range of strengths and weaknesses and places undue emphasis on academics by insisting that students should be supported in this area and not Wifh music or sports. A special education program should be customized to address each student's needs. Special educators provide a continuum of services, in which students with various disabilities receive multiple degrees of support based on their individual needs.

It is crucial for special education programs to be individualized so that they address the unique combination of needs in a given student. It is a legally binding document. The school must provide everything it promises in the IEP.]