The Arab Spring - amazonia.fiocruz.br

The Arab Spring - consider, that

When I first learned of the campaign by folks on Reddit that has wreaked havoc on wealthy hedge funds looking to profit off struggling companies like the video game retailer GameStop, my mind went back in time. Not all the way back to , where many members of the subreddit WallStreetBets —and those living vicariously through their mayhem—source their anger at the financial system. That was the year, of course, of Too Big to Fail, when many of the most powerful and profligate banks and trading firms were saved from ruin for the sake of keeping the global economy operating. Instead, I thought of the democracy protests in Tahrir Square in Cairo, which began almost exactly 10 years to the date before the GameStop hijinks, January 25, These protests, part of a regional movement to overthrow autocratic governments known as the Arab Spring, were a high-water mark for the idea that the internet would free the world. At the time, it was difficult not to get swept up by the belief that a band of activists using social-network tools could topple an oppressive regime. The Arab Spring.

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Arab Spring revisited—the battle for democracy in Egypt - The Economist

It began in response to oppressive regimes and a low standard of livingstarting with protests in Tunisia. The importance of external factors versus internal factors to the protests' spread and success is contested.

Scholars and analysts suggest that there has been quiet change

In many countries, governments shut down certain sites or blocked Internet service Sprijg, especially in the times preceding a major rally. The wave of initial revolutions and protests faded by mid, as many Arab Spring The Arab Spring met with violent responses from authorities, [8] [9] [10] as well as from pro-government militias, counter-demonstrators, and militaries. These attacks were answered with violence from protesters in some cases. A power struggle continued after the immediate response to the Arab Spring.

While leadership changed and regimes were held accountable, power vacuums opened across the Arab world.

Ultimately, The Arab Spring resulted in a contentious battle between a consolidation of power by religious elites and the growing support for democracy in many Muslim-majority states. Some have referred to the succeeding and still ongoing conflicts as the Arab Winter. Inmultiple conflicts are still continuing that might be seen as a result of the Arab Spring.

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The Syrian Civil War has caused massive political instability and economic hardship in Syria, with the Syrian currency plunging to new lows. The term Arab Spring is an allusion to the Revolutions ofwhich are sometimes referred The Arab Spring as the "Springtime of Nations", and the Prague Spring inin which a Czech student, Jan Palachset himself on fire as Mohamed Bouazizi did.

In the aftermath of the Iraq Warit was used by various Tbe and bloggers who anticipated read more major Arab movement towards democratization. Some observers have also drawn comparisons between the Arab Spring movements and the Revolutions of also known as the "Autumn of Nations" that swept through Eastern Europe and the Second Worldin terms of their scale and significance. The world watched the events of the Arab Spring unfold, "gripped by the narrative of a young generation peacefully rising up against oppressive authoritarianism to secure a more democratic political system and a brighter economic future".

Numerous factors led to the protests, including issues such as monarchy[45] human rights violations, political corruption demonstrated by Wikileaks diplomatic cables[46] economic decline, unemployment, extreme poverty, and a number of demographic Sprong factors, [47] such as a large percentage of educated but dissatisfied youth within the entire population. Some protesters looked to the Turkish model as an ideal contested but peaceful The Arab Spring, fast-growing but liberal economy, secular constitution but Islamist government. In the wake of the Arab Spring protests, a considerable amount of attention focused on the The Arab Spring of social media and digital technologies in allowing citizens within areas here by "the Arab Uprisings" as a means for collective activism to circumvent state-operated media channels.

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The use of The Arab Spring media platforms more than doubled in Arab countries during the protests, with the exception of Libya. Facebook, Twitter, and other major social media played a key role in the movement of Egyptian and Tunisian activists in particular. Social media sites were a platform The Arab Spring different movements formed by many frustrated citizens, including the "April 6 Youth Movement" organized by Ahmed Mahed, which set out to organize and promote a nationwide labor strike and which inspired the later creation of the "Progressive Youth of Tunisia". During the Arab Spring, Tne created pages on Facebook to raise awareness about alleged crimes against humanity, such as The Arab Spring brutality in the Egyptian Revolution see Wael Ghonim and Death of Khaled Mohamed Saeed.

Jared Keller, a journalist for The Atlanticclaims that most activists more info protesters used Facebook among other social media to organize; however, The Arab Spring influenced Iran was "good old-fashioned word of mouth". Jared Keller argued that the sudden and anomalous social media output was caused from Westerners witnessing the situation sand then broadcasting them. The Middle East and North Africa used texting, emailing, and blogging only to organize and communicate information about internal local protests. A study by Zeynep Tufekci of the University of North Carolina and Christopher Wilson of the United Nations Development Program concluded that "social media in general, and Facebook in particular, provided new sources of information the regime could not easily control and were Aarb in shaping how citizens made individual decisions about participating in protests, Spging logistics of protest, and the likelihood of success.

In the months leading up to events in Tunisia, Aarb of Homeland SecurityCustoms and Border ProtectionCommunications Program Manager Jonathan Stevens predicted the use of "collaborative Internet utilities" to effect governmental change. In his thesis, Webeaucracy: The Collaborative RevolutionStevens put forth that unlike writing, printing, and telecommunications, "collaborative Internet utilities" denote a sea-change in the ability of crowds to effect social change. People and collaborative Internet utilities can be described as actor-networks; the subitizing limit and history suggests people left to their own devices cannot fully harness the mental power of crowds.]