Drinking wateralso known as potable wateris water that is safe to drink or use for food preparation. The amount of drinking water required to maintain good health varies, and depends on physical activity level, age, health-related issues, and environmental conditions. Typically in developed countriestap water meets drinking water quality standards, even though only a small proportion is actually consumed or used in food preparation. Other typical uses include washing, toilets, and irrigation. Greywater may also be used for toilets or irrigation.
Its use for irrigation however may be associated with risks. Nearly 4. About 1 to 2 billion people lack safe drinking water, [4] a problem that causes 30, deaths each week. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon said in According to the World Health Organization's report, rDinking drinking-water is water Usee "does not represent any significant risk to health over a lifetime of consumption, including different sensitivities that may occur between life stages". A 'safely managed drinking water service" is "one located on premises, available when needed and free from contamination". By5. The SDC basic drinking water service is one in which a "round trip to collect water takes 30 minutes or less". According to the World Health Organization"access to safe drinking-water is essential to health, a basic human right and a component of effective policy for health protection. The amount of drinking water How Science Can Use A Clean Drinking per day is variable.
The drinking water contribution to mineral nutrients intake is also unclear.
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Inorganic minerals generally enter surface water and ground water via storm water runoff or through the Earth's crust. Treatment processes also lead to the presence of some minerals.
Examples include calciumzincmanganesephosphatefluoride and sodium compounds. There are a variety of trace elements Drinoing in virtually all potable water, some of which play a role in metabolism. For example, sodium, potassium and chloride are common chemicals found in small quantities in most waters, and these elements play a role in body metabolism. Other elements such as fluoridewhile beneficial in low concentrations, can cause dental problems and other issues when present at high levels.
Fluid balance is key. Profuse sweating can increase the need for electrolyte salt replacement. Water intoxication which results in hyponatremiathe process of consuming too much water too quickly, can be fatal. Potable water is available in almost all populated areas of the Earth, although it may be expensive and the supply may not always be sustainable.
Sources where water may be obtained include:. Springs are often used as sources for bottled waters. For these water sources to be Drin,ing safely, they must receive adequate treatment and meet drinking water regulations. The most efficient and convenient way to transport and deliver potable water is through pipes. Plumbing can require significant capital investment.
Some systems suffer high operating costs. Leakage of untreated and treated water from pipes reduces access to water. Because of the high initial investments, many less wealthy nations cannot afford to develop or sustain appropriate infrastructure, and as a consequence people in these areas may spend a correspondingly higher fraction of their income on water. In the US, the typical water consumption per capita, at home, is Public water systemsdefined as systems that serve more than 25 customers or 15 service connections, are regulated by the U. The water levels in more than 2, wells have dropped more than feet since they were first drilled.]
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