And: Healthcare Consumerism And Its Importance For Individuals
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Abstract The essay examines the idea that the patient is the Indivuduals of health care. While the move has, to some extent, given patients more choice over the healthcare paths open to them, the essay argues that the focus is primarily upon economic choices, and that important dimensions of patient care have been overlooked by this consumerist stance.
The following essay looks at the idea that the patient is the consumer of health care. While the move has, to some extent, given patients more choice over the healthcare paths open to them, the essay will argue that the focus is primarily upon economic choices, and that important dimensions of patient care have been overlooked by this consumerist stance.
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The essay will be shaped as follows. The term link from the advent during the period of early modernity of a bourgeoisie or middle class, with surplus income to engage in the practice of consuming goods and services Clarke and Doel Healthcare Consumerism And Its Importance For Individuals focus will then turn to the ways in which this model of consumer, produce and marketplace have been adopted by healthcare, bringing out the advantages and disadvantages of the move. The term was introduced, for example, as part of a slowly evolving view of the nature of the state and its duties: the idea that the state should provide for the health of the people is gradually being Healthfare by a notion that people need to take an active role in their own health Henderson and Foe The critical focus of this essay continues with an assessment of the extent to which patients involvement is delivered through consumerist approaches.
For example, does it really involve the patient at decision-making levels, or is involvement low-level and superficial only McIver The negative implications of consumerist healthcare are bought out.
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In order to address the issue of the extent to which the patient is placed at the centre of healthcare by consumerism, Healthacre essay also looks at the notion of patient-centred healthcare more widely, looking at the political and theoretical context which led to its introduction in the first decade of the 21st century in the UK. To some extent, consumerism delivers a participation at a lower level of this ladder than is desirable. The tensions between the stated outcomes for the patient and the actual outcomes are brought out, for example the consumerist model assumes patients always have the best range of options to chose from, and that they can access the information needed to make the best decisions, which Healthcare Consumerism And Its Importance For Individuals not Consuumerism the case Greenhalgh et al The Patient as the Centre of Health Care?
The ways in which the concept has been put to practical use by successive governments is also discussed. While it might be thought that consumerism in health care is a function of right wing governments, it was actually embraced by both Tories and Labour in the UK Edwards and Obesity Health Issues Prevention Broadly speaking, consumerism overall developed with the advent of the leisure classes, that is, when a sizeable proportion of the populations of developed Itss had surplus wealth and hence money to spend on goods as a way of enhancing social status and making their relative wealth apparent to others Malkmes That is, it assumes both a free market economy and that the choices of the individual are paramount.
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It was noted that many patients felt they had little say in the care they received from health bodies, and no recourse when treatments were Consumegism or dangerous. This background in public protest and ethical ideals adds another flavour to the roots of consumerism in management and business discussed above.
Extensively developed in the USA, the idea of consumerist healthcare centres around a number of ideas, for example that of the competent consumer, that is, the idea that the patient is sufficiently knowledgeable to make decisions about his or her health care Bierbower Other ideas key to consumerist healthcare are the deregulation of services, a new emphasis on the cost-effectiveness of services, the redefinition of health as a commodity and individuals as consumers, and a new understanding of the relationship between individual and state Henderson and Petersen The deregulation of services in healthcare involves opening up the market so that services normally funded publically in the UK through the NHS are offered to a wider range of providers Nash with an aim to provide a better, lower cost service to users. This deregulation goes hand-in-hand with an interest in services Healthcare Consumerism And Its Importance For Individuals more cost-effective.
As consumers make choices and suppliers aim to offer better choices, public money needs to be spent to purchase services, equipment etc, leading to a greater emphasis upon the cost of goods, supported by what some describe as an increased bureaucratisation of the NHS in order to support this increased emphasis upon value for money Pilgrim et al As mentioned, the notion of consumerism also relies upon a new theoretical understanding as health as a commodity and individuals as consumers.
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Health as a commodity is a widely embraced by somewhat problematic notion. It involves the idea that health is a product which can be purchased like material goods cars, houses etc. Proponents of this idea might agree that health is a type of good more urgent than, say, jewellery, but insist that the difference is one of degree, not kind. The notion of individuals as consumers assumes that people are primarily rational, that they are able to make free choices, and that these choices are those that best serve their ends.
This also involves the idea that click the following article are less important than ensuring free choice can take place Bole and Bondeson Finally, the idea of consumerist healthcare also involves a new understanding of the way individual and state are related.
Before the advent of consumerist healthcare there was a widespread notion that the state was responsible for Healthcare Consumerism And Its Importance For Individuals aspects of the lives of its citizens, including their health Henderson and Peterson These were defined in terms of quantitative targets for performance management Bury and Gabe As the 21st century opened, NHS Direct and other initiatives were introduced, aimed at increasing the ways in which people can access health services.
Individual budgets have been introduced not only in the NHS but for social care generally, with an idea that giving individuals control over the money to be spent on their healthcare offers more choice and feelings of empowerment, and leads to positive health outcomes. It has been reported that over half people with a personal budget had better health Rogers Originating in notions of patient-centred care and heavily indebted to the notion of consumerism in economics and business, consumerist healthcare strives to deliver patient-centred outcomes.]
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