The Revolutionary Policies of Henry VIII - amazonia.fiocruz.br

Answer, matchless: The Revolutionary Policies of Henry VIII

These events were, in part, associated with the wider European Protestant Reformationa religious and political movement that affected the practise of Christianity in western and central Europe.

Causes included the invention of the printing pressincreased circulation of the Bible and the transmission of new knowledge and ideas among scholars, the upper and middle classes and readers in general. The phases of the English Reformation, which also covered Wales and Irelandwere largely driven by changes in government policy, to which public opinion gradually accommodated itself.

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The reality of political differences between Rome and England allowed growing theological disputes to come to the fore. Church law was governed by canon law with final jurisdiction in Rome. Church taxes were paid straight to Rome and the Pope had the final word in the appointment of bishops. The break with Rome was effected by a series of Acts of Parliament passed between The Revolutionary Policies of Henry VIIIamong them the Act of Supremacywhich declared that Henry was the " Supreme Head on earth of the Church of England ". Under Mary, the process was reversed and the Church of England was again placed under papal jurisdiction. Elizabeth reintroduced the Protestant religion but in a more moderate manner.

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The structure and theology of the church was a matter of fierce dispute for generations. The violent aspect of these disputes, manifested in the English Civil Warsended when the last Roman Catholic monarch, James IIwas deposed and Parliament employed William III and Mary II jointly to rule in conjunction with the English Bill of Rights in in the " Glorious Revolution "from which emerged a church The Revolutionary Policies of Henry VIII with an established church and a number of non-conformist churches whose members suffered various civil disabilities until these were removed many years later.

The legacy of the Roman Catholic heritage and establishment as the state church remained controversial for many years and still exists. A substantial but dwindling minority of people from the late 16th to early 19th centuries remained Roman Catholic in England.

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Their church organisation remained illegal until the Relief Act of The Reformation was a clash of two opposed schemes of salvation. The Catholic Church taught that the contrite person could cooperate with God towards their salvation by performing good works.

The Mass was also an offering of prayer by which the living could help souls in purgatory. Lollardy anticipated some Protestant teachings. Derived from the writings of John Wycliffea 14th-century theologian and Bible translatorLollardy stressed the primacy of scripture and emphasised preaching over the sacrament of the altarholding the latter to be but a memorial. Unable to gain access to the levers of power, the Lollards were much reduced in numbers and influence by the 15th century.

They sometimes faced investigation and persecution and rarely produced new literature after Humanists downplayed the role of rites and ceremonies in achieving salvation and criticised the superstitious veneration of relics.]