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Origin Of The English Language Video

English is a West Germanic language first spoken in early medieval Englandwhich eventually became the leading language of international discourse in the 21st century.

Both names derive from Angliaa peninsula on the Baltic Sea. English is most closely related to Frisian and Low Origin Of The English Languagewhile its vocabulary has been significantly influenced by other Germanic languagesparticularly Old Norse a North Germanic languageas well as Latin and French. English has developed over the course of more than 1, years. Middle English began in the late 11th century with the Norman conquest of England ; this was a period in which English was influenced by Old Frenchin particular through its Old Norman dialect. Modern English has been spreading around the world since the 17th Languate by the worldwide influence of the British Empire and the United States.

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Through all types of printed and electronic media of these countries, English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and professional contexts such as sciencenavigation and law. English is the largest language by number of speakers[13] and the third most-spoken native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish. There are more people who have learned it as a second language than there are native speakers.

English speakers are called "Anglophones". Variability among the accents and dialects of English used in different countries and regions—in terms of phonetics and phonologyand sometimes also vocabularyidiomsgrammarand spelling —does not typically prevent understanding by speakers of other dialectsalthough mutual unintelligibility can occur at extreme ends of the dialect continuum. English is an Indo-European language and belongs to the West Germanic group of the Germanic languages.

The Frisian languages, which together with the Anglic languages form the Anglo-Frisian languagesare the closest living relatives of English. Like Icelandic and Faroesethe development of English in the British Isles isolated it from the continental Germanic languages and influences. It has since evolved considerably. English is not mutually intelligible with any continental Germanic language, differing in vocabularysyntaxand phonologyalthough some of these, such as Dutch or Frisian, do show strong affinities with English, especially with its earlier stages. Unlike Icelandic and Faroese, which were isolated, the development of English was influenced by a long series of invasions of the British Isles by other peoples and languages, particularly Old Norse and Norman French.

These left a profound mark of Origin Of The English Language own on the language, so that English shows some similarities in vocabulary and grammar with many languages outside its linguistic clades —but it is not mutually intelligible with any of those languages either. Some scholars have argued that Origin Of The English Language can be considered a mixed language or a creole —a theory called the Middle English creole hypothesis.

Although the great influence of these languages on the vocabulary and grammar of Modern English is widely acknowledged, most specialists in language contact do not consider English to be a true mixed language. English is classified as a Germanic language because it shares innovations with other Germanic languages such as DutchGermanand Swedish. Some shared features of Germanic languages include the division of verbs into strong and weak classes, the use of Lwnguage verbsand the sound changes affecting Proto-Indo-European consonants, known as Grimm's and Verner's laws.

Old English developed from a set of West Germanic dialects, often grouped as Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanicand originally spoken along the coasts of FrisiaLower Saxony and southern Jutland by Germanic peoples known to the historical record as the AnglesSaxonsand Jutes. By the 7th century, the Germanic language of the Anglo-Saxons became dominant in Britainreplacing the languages of Roman Britain 43— Languqge Common Brittonica Celtic languageand Latinbrought to Britain by the Roman occupation.

A few short inscriptions from the early period of Old English were written using a runic script.

Old English is essentially a distinct language from Modern English and is virtually impossible for 21st-century unstudied English-speakers to understand. Its grammar was similar to that of modern Germanand its closest relative is Old Frisian. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verbs had many more inflectional endings and formsand word order was much freer than in Modern English. Modern English has case forms in pronouns hehimhis and has a few verb Womens Movement speakOrigin Of The English Languagespeakingspokespokenbut Old English had case endings in nouns as well, and verbs had more person and number endings. The translation of Matthew from shows examples of case endings nominative plural, accusative plural, genitive singular and a verb ending present plural :.

John of Trevisaca. From the 8th to the 12th century, Old English gradually transformed through language contact into Middle English. Middle English is often arbitrarily defined as beginning with the conquest of England by William the Conqueror inbut it developed further in the period from to First, the waves of Norse colonisation of northern parts of the British Isles in the 8th and 9th centuries put Old English into intense contact with Old Norsea North Germanic language. Norse influence was strongest in the north-eastern varieties of Old English spoken in the Danelaw area around York, which was the centre of Norse colonisation; today these features are still particularly present in Scots and Northern English.

However the centre of norsified English seems to have been in the Midlands around Lindseyand after CE when Lindsey was reincorporated into the Anglo-Saxon polity, Norse features spread from there into English varieties Origin Of The English Language had not been in direct contact with Norse speakers.]