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Nearly one in five American adults will experience a mental health disorder in a given year. Yet only 25 percent of people with a psychological condition feel that others are understanding or compassionate about their illness, according to the U. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. Typically, we refer to this dissonance as stigma , but we have been wrong to do so. It results in behavior and policy that actually make life more difficult for those with mental health challenges. Mental Illness Are They Noticed

Borderline personality disorder BPDalso known as emotionally unstable personality disorder EUPD[9] is a mental illness characterized by a long-term pattern of unstable relationshipsdistorted sense of selfand strong emotional reactions.

The causes of BPD are unclear but seem to involve genetic, neurological, environmental, and social factors. About 1. Overall, the most distinguishing symptoms of BPD are marked sensitivity to minor rejection or criticism; [13] alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation of others, along with varying moods and difficulty regulating strong emotional reactions. Mental Illness Are They Noticed and impulsive behavior are also correlated with the disorder. Other symptoms may include feeling unsure of one's personal identitymorals, and values; having paranoid thoughts when feeling stressed; depersonalization ; and, in moderate to severe cases, stress-induced breaks with reality or psychotic episodes. People with BPD may feel emotions with greater ease and depth and for a longer time than others do. People with BPD are also especially sensitive to feelings of rejection, criticism, isolation, and perceived failure. Zanarini et al.

In addition to intense emotions, people with BPD experience emotional "lability" changeability, or fluctuation. Although that term suggests rapid changes between depression and elation, mood swings in people with BPD more frequently involve anxiety, with fluctuations between anger and anxiety and between depression and anxiety. People with Mental Illness Are They Noticed can be very sensitive to the way others treat them, by feeling intense joy and gratitude at perceived expressions of kindness, and intense sadness or anger at perceived criticism or hurtfulness.

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This phenomenon is sometimes called splitting. While strongly desiring intimacy, people with BPD tend toward insecure, avoidant or ambivalent, or fearfully preoccupied attachment patterns in relationships, [27] and often view the world as dangerous and malevolent. Impulsive behavior is common, including substance or alcohol abuseeating in excessunprotected sex or indiscriminate sex with multiple partnersreckless spendingand reckless driving. Self-harming or suicidal Illhess is one of the core diagnostic criteria in the DSM The most frequent method of self-harm is cutting. The reported reasons for self-harm differ from the reasons for suicide attempts. People with BPD tend to have trouble seeing their identity clearly.

In particular, they tend to have difficulty knowing what they value, believe, prefer, and enjoy. This can cause people with BPD to feel "empty" and "lost". The often intense emotions people with BPD experience can make it difficult for them to concentrate. Dissociation often occurs in response to a painful event or something that triggers the memory of a painful event. It involves the mind automatically redirecting attention away Mfntal that event—presumably to protect Mental Illness Are They Noticed intense emotion source unwanted behavioral impulses that such emotion might trigger.

Many people with BPD are able to work if they find appropriate jobs and their condition is not too severe. People with BPD may be found to have a disability in the workplace if the condition is severe enough that the behaviors of sabotaging relationships, engaging in risky behaviors or intense anger prevent the person from functioning in their job role.

As is the case with other mental disorders, the causes of BPD are complex Mental Illness Are They Noticed not fully agreed upon. Social factors include how people interact in their early development with their family, friends, and other children. Twin studies may overestimate the effect of genes on variability in personality disorders due to the complicating factor of a shared family environment.

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Families with twins in the Netherlands were participants of an ongoing study by Trull and colleagues, in which pairs of siblings and parents were examined to identify the location of genetic traits that influenced the development of BPD. A Mental Illness Are They Noticed of neuroimaging studies in BPD have reported findings of reductions in regions of the brain involved in the regulation of stress responses and emotion, affecting the hippocampusthe orbitofrontal cortexand the amygdalaamongst other areas.

Some studies have identified increased gray matter in areas such as the bilateral supplementary motor areadentate gyrusand bilateral precuneuswhich extends to the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex PCC. Borderline personality disorder has previously been strongly associated with the occurrence of childhood trauma. While many psychiatric diagnoses are believed to be associated with traumatic experiences occurring during critical periods of childhood, specific neurobiological factors have been identified within patients diagnosed with BPD.

Dysregulations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal HPA axis and cortisol levels have been intensively studied in individuals who have experienced childhood traumas and have been formally diagnosed with BPD.]