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Mycenaean Greece or the Mycenaean civilization was the last phase of the Bronze Age in Ancient Greecespanning the period from approximately — BC. It represents the first advanced and distinctively Greek civilization in mainland Greece Greek And Greek Culture Characteristics Of Greek continue reading palatial states, urban organization, works of art, and writing system. Mycenaean and Mycenaean-influenced settlements also appeared in Epirus[3] [4] Macedonia[5] [6] on islands in the Aegean Seaon the coast of Asia Minorthe Levant[7] Cyprus[8] and Italy. The Mycenaean Greeks introduced several innovations in the fields of engineering, architecture and military infrastructure, while uClture over vast areas of the Mediterranean was essential for the Mycenaean economy.

Their syllabic scriptthe Linear Boffers the first written records of the Indo-European Greek languageand their religion already included several deities that can also be found in the Olympic Pantheon. Mycenaean Greece was dominated by a warrior elite society and consisted of a network of palace -centered states that developed rigid Grewk, political, social and economic systems.

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At the head of this society was the king, known as a wanax. Mycenaean Greece perished with the collapse of Bronze Age culture in the eastern Mediterranean, to be followed by the so-called Greek Dark Agesa recordless transitional period leading to Archaic Greece where significant shifts occurred from palace-centralized to de-centralized forms of socio-economic organization including the extensive use of iron. Additional theories such see more natural disasters and climatic changes have been also suggested.

The Mycenaean period became the historical setting of much ancient Greek literature and mythologyincluding the Trojan Epic Cycle. The Bronze Age in mainland Greece is generally termed as the " Helladic period " by modern archaeologists, after Characteristiscthe Greek name for Greece. The Middle Helladic MH period c.

The decipherment of the Mycenaean Linear B script, a writing system adapted for the use of the Indo-European Greek language of the Late Bronze Age, [12] demonstrated the continuity of Greek speech from the second millennium BC into the eighth century BC when a new Phoenician-derived alphabetic script emerged.

Homer interchangeably used the ethnonyms AchaeansDanaansand Argives to refer to the besiegers, [16] and these names appear to have passed down from the time they were in use to the time when Homer applied them as collective terms in his Iliad. Egyptian records Cluture a T D -n-j or Danaya Tanaju land for the first time c. This land is geographically defined in an inscription from the reign of Amenhotep III r. In the official records of another Bronze Age empire, that of the Hittites in Anatoliavarious references from c. These Ekwesh were mentioned as a group of the Sea People. Scholars have proposed different theories on the origins of the Mycenaeans. Notwithstanding Greek And Greek Culture Characteristics Of Greek above academic Cultuee, the mainstream consensus among modern Mycenologists is that Mycenaean civilization, exemplified in the Shaft Graves, originated and evolved from the local socio-cultural landscape of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in mainland Greece with influences from Minoan Crete.

In a number of sites, defensive walls were also erected. Meanwhile, new types of burials and more imposing ones have been unearthed, which display a great variety of luxurious objects.

During this period, the Mycenaean centers witnessed increased contact with the outside world, especially with the Cyclades and the Minoan centers on the island of Crete. At the end of the Shaft Grave era, a new and more imposing type of elite burial emerged, the tholos : large circular burial chambers with high vaulted roofs and a straight entry passage lined with stone. The eruption of Therawhich according to archaeological data occurred in c. Around c. From the early 14th century BC, Mycenaean trade began to take advantage of the new commercial opportunities in the Mediterranean after the Minoan collapse.

The use of the new script spread in mainland Greece and offers valuable insight into the administrative network of the palatial centers.

However, the unearthed records are too fragmentary for a political reconstruction of Bronze Age Greece. Excavations at Miletus, southwest Asia Minorindicate the existence of a Mycenaean settlement there already from c.]