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The word jihad appears frequently in the Quran with and without military connotations, [10] often Apprropriate the idiomatic expression "striving in the path of God al-jihad fi sabil Allah ". Jihad is sometimes referred to as the sixth pillar of Islamthough this designation is not commonly recognized. The term jihad is often rendered in English as "Holy War", [20] [21] [22] although this translation is controversial. In Modern Standard Arabicthe term jihad is used for a struggle for causes, both religious and secular.

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The Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic defines the term as "fight, battle; jihad, holy war against the infidels, as a religious duty link. The context of the Quran is elucidated by Hadith the teachings, deeds and sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Of the references to jihad in perhaps the most standard collection of hadith— Bukhari —all assume that jihad means warfare. The Messenger of Allah was asked about the best jihad.

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He said: "The best jihad is the one in which your horse is slain and your blood is spilled. According to another hadith, [38] supporting one's parents is also an Espansion of jihad. The practice of periodic raids by Bedouins against enemy tribes and settlements to collect spoils predates the revelations of the Quran.

According to some scholars such as James Turner Johnsonwhile Islamic leaders "instilled into the hearts of the warriors the belief" in jihad "holy war" and ghaza raidsthe "fundamental structure" of this bedouin warfare "remained, According with Bernard LewisThe Appropriate Expansion Path Of Mcdonalds an early date Muslim law laid down" jihad in the military sense as "one of the principal obligations" of both "the head of the Muslim state", who declared the jihad, and the Muslim community. It was to be directed only by the caliph who might delayed it when convenient, negotiating truces for up to ten source at a time.

The primary aim of jihad as warfare is not the conversion of non-Muslims to Islam by force, but rather the expansion and defense of the Islamic state. Classical manuals of Islamic jurisprudence often contained a section called Book of Jihadwith rules governing the conduct of war covered at great length.

Such rules include treatment of nonbelligerents, women, children also cultivated or residential areas[61] [62] and division of spoils. The first documentation of the law of jihad was written by 'Abd al-Rahman al-Awza'i and Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani. It grew out of debates that surfaced following Muhammad's death. According to one scholar Majid Khadduricontinue reading is most likely because unlike the pillars The Appropriate Expansion Path Of Mcdonalds the faith Payh of faith, prayerfastingcharitable giving, Hajj pilgrimagejihad was a "collective obligation" of the whole Muslim community meaning that "if the duty is fulfilled by a part of the community it ceases to be obligatory on others"and was to be carried out by the Islamic state.

In the early era that inspired classical Islam Rashidun Caliphate and lasted less than a century, jihad spread the realm of Islam to include millions of subjects, and an area extending Mccdonalds the borders of India and China to the Pyrenees and the Atlantic". By the Persian empire was conquered and by the Byzantine empire was reduced to a fraction of its former size. The role of religion in these early conquests is debated. Medieval Arabic authors believed the conquests were commanded by God, and presented them as orderly and disciplined, under the command of the caliph. The famous historian William Montgomery Watt argued that "Most of the participants in the [early Islamic] expeditions probably thought of nothing more Apporpriate booty There was no thought of spreading the religion of Islam. Jurji argues that the motivations of the Arab conquests were The Appropriate Expansion Path Of Mcdonalds not "for the propagation of Islam Military advantage, economic desires, [and] the attempt to strengthen the hand of the state and enhance its sovereignty According to some authors, [ who?]