Slavery As A Form Of Punishment - amazonia.fiocruz.br

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Crucifixion was a form of capital punishment used fO ancient times, including by Persians, Romans, Phoenicians and Carthaginians on slaves, freedmen, pirates, rebels and other non-full citizens. In the case of ancient Rome, an additionally low-status citizen humiliores could be sentenced to such death — especially in the case of a serious crime, e.

It was an extremely long and painful death. In addition to disgracing the convict, the main purpose of the punishment was to discourage others from committing similar crimes, by way of intimidation.

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The authorities did not always agree to burial, which additionally meant eternal anxiety for the soul of the deceased, according to ancient beliefs. In ancient Rome, crucifixion as a form of punishment appeared around the 3rd century BCE thanks to the Phoenicians.

The Romans used crucifixion so widely that to this day we associate this punishment mainly with Rome. It is worth mentioning that the crucifixion was probably first used in Persia, during the reign of King Darius 6th-5th century BCE. I see Slaevry there, not just of one kind but made in many different ways: some have their victims with head down source the ground; some impale their private parts; others stretch out their arms on the gibbet.

However, this hypothesis is rejected by some researchers, including by William A. Oldfather, who indicates that this form of execution consisted only in hanging the suspect from a tree and disgracing him. This punishment was not intended to kill the condemned man, much less to sacrifice him to the gods of the underworld. The works of Plautus and Plutarch, in turn, are the only Roman sources that say that criminals carried the horizontal beam. Roman law used this torture not only to kill but primarily to disgrace and emphasize the low status of the convict.

Criticism of practising crucifixion was already present in ancient times.]