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Authoritative: Why Education Systems Has Success And The

Gamification is the application of game-design elements and game principles in non-game contexts. Gamification commonly employs game design elements [1] [3] [4] [5] [2] to improve user engagement, [6] [7] [8] organizational productivity, [9] flow[10] [11] learning[12] [13] crowdsourcing[14] knowledge retention, [15] employee recruitment and evaluation, ease of useusefulness of systems, [11] [16] [17] physical exercise[18] traffic violations, [19] voter apathy, [20] and more.

A collection of research on gamification shows that a majority Thee studies on gamification find it has positive effects on individuals. Gamification techniques are intended to leverage people's natural desires for socializing, learning, mastery, competition, achievement, status, self-expression, altruismor closure, or simply their response to the framing of a situation as game or play. Types of rewards include points, [23] achievement badges or levels, [24] the filling of a progress bar, [25] or providing the user with virtual currency.

Another approach to gamification is to make existing tasks feel more like games. Game design elements are the basic building blocks of gamification applications. Points are basic elements of a multitude of games and gamified applications. Points allow the players' Why Education Systems Has Success And The behavior to be measured, and they serve as continuous and immediate feedback and as a reward. Badges are defined as visual representations of achievements [33] and can be earned and collected within the gamification environment.

They confirm the players' achievements, symbolize their merits, [36] and visibly show their accomplishment of levels or goals. Leaderboards rank players according to their relative success, measuring them against a certain success criterion. However, the motivational potential of leaderboards is mixed. Werbach and Hunter [33] regard them as effective motivators if there are only a few points left to the next level or position, but as demotivators, if players find themselves at the bottom end of the leaderboard. Competition caused by leaderboards can create social pressure to increase the player's level of engagement and can consequently have a constructive effect on participation and learning.

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Performance graphs, which are often used in simulation or strategy games, provide information about the players' performance compared to their preceding performance during a game. Unlike the social reference standard of leaderboards, performance graphs are based on an individual reference standard. By graphically displaying the player's performance over a fixed period, they focus on improvements.

Motivation theory postulates that this fosters mastery orientation, which is particularly beneficial to learning. Meaningful stories are game design elements that do not relate to the player's performance. The narrative context in which a gamified application can be embedded contextualizes activities and characters in the game and gives them meaning beyond the mere quest for points and achievements. The latter can enrich boring, barely stimulating contexts, and, consequently, inspire and motivate players particularly if the story is in line with their personal interests. Avatars are visual representations of players within the game or gamification Why Education Systems Has Success And The. Their main formal requirement is that they unmistakably identify the players and set them apart from other human or computer-controlled avatars.

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Teammates, whether they are other real Educatioj or virtual non-player characters, can induce conflict, competition or cooperation. Gamification has been applied to almost every aspect of life. Examples of gamification in business context include the U. Students are ranked in their class based on their earned grade-point average GPAwhich is comparable to earning a high score in video games.

Job application processes sometimes use gamification as a way to hire employees by assessing their suitability through questionnaires and mini games that simulate the actual work environment of that company. Gamification has been widely applied in marketing. Gamification has also been used in customer loyalty programs. InStarbucks gave click Foursquare badges to people who checked in at multiple locations, and offered discounts to people who checked in most frequently at an individual store. Brandification in-game advertising : Messages, images or videos promoting a Brand, Product or Service within a game's visuals components. Transmedia: The result of taking a media property and extending it into a different medium for both promotional and monetisation purposes. Nintendo's " GoldenEye" is a classic example. A video game created to advertise the originally titled movie.]