Multicultural Education And Counseling Through The Arts - amazonia.fiocruz.br

The term multiculturalism has a range of meanings within the contexts of sociologyof political philosophyand of colloquial use.

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In sociology and in everyday usage, it is a synonym for " ethnic pluralism ", with the two terms often used interchangeably, for example, a cultural pluralism [1] in which various ethnic groups collaborate and enter Multicultural Education And Counseling Through The Arts a dialogue with one another without having to sacrifice their particular identities. It can describe a mixed ethnic community area where multiple cultural traditions exist such as New York City or Trieste or a single country within which they do such as Switzerland, Belgium or Russia. Groups associated with an indigenousaboriginal or autochthonous ethnic group and settler-descended ethnic groups are often the focus.

In reference to sociology, multiculturalism is the end-state of either a natural or artificial process for example: legally-controlled immigration and occurs on either a large national scale or on a smaller scale within a nation's communities.

On a smaller scale this can occur artificially when a jurisdiction is established or expanded by amalgamating areas with two or more different cultures e. French Canada and English Canada. On a large scale, it can occur as a result of either legal or illegal migration to and from different jurisdictions around the world for example, Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain by Angles, Saxons and Jutes in the 5th century or the colonization of the Americas by Europeans, Africans and Asians since the 16th century.

In reference to political science, multiculturalism can be defined as a state's capacity to effectively and efficiently deal with cultural plurality within its sovereign borders. Multiculturalism as a political philosophy involves ideologies and policies which vary widely. The concept of multiculturalism was prevalent since ancient times.

The Achaemenid Empire founded by Cyrus the Great followed a policy of incorporating and tolerating various cultures. A historical example of multiculturalism was the Habsburg monarchywhich had broken up in and under whose roof many different ethnic, linguistic and religious groups lived together.

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One of the foundations of this centuries-old state structure was the Habsburg principle of "live and let live". Today's topical issues such as social and cultural differentiation, multilingualism, competing identity offers or multiple cultural identities have already shaped the scientific theories of many thinkers of this multi-ethnic empire. In many areas, these ethnic mosaics Thf longer exist today.]