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Confirm. All: Discussion Questions To Consider From The Catcher

The Socratic method also known as method of Elenchuselenctic methodor Socratic debate is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions.

It is named after the Classical Greek philosopher Socrates and is introduced by him in Plato 's Theaetetus as midwifery maieutics because it is employed to bring out definitions implicit in the interlocutors' beliefs, or to help them further their understanding. The Socratic method is a method of hypothesis elimination, in that better hypotheses are found by steadily identifying and eliminating those that lead to contradictions. The Socratic method searches for general, commonly held truths that shape beliefs and scrutinizes them to determine their consistency with other beliefs.

The basic form is a series of questions formulated as tests of logic and fact intended to help a person or group discover their beliefs about some topic; exploring definitions, and seeking to characterize general characteristics shared by various particular instances. In the second half of the 5th century BC, sophists were teachers who specialized in using the tools of philosophy and rhetoric to entertain, impress, or persuade an audience to accept the speaker's point of view.

Socrates promoted an alternative method of teaching, which came to be called the Socratic method.

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Socrates began to engage Tge such discussions with his fellow Athenians after his read article from youth, Chaerephonvisited the Oracle of Delphiwhich asserted that no man in Greece was wiser than Socrates. Socrates saw this as a paradoxand began using the Socratic method to answer his conundrum. Plato famously formalized the Socratic elenctic style in prose—presenting Socrates as the curious questioner of some prominent Athenian interlocutor—in some of his early dialoguessuch as Euthyphro and Ionand the method is most commonly found within the so-called " Socratic dialogues ", which generally portray Socrates engaging in the method and questioning his fellow citizens about moral and epistemological issues.

But in his later dialoguessuch as Theaetetus or SophistPlato had a different method to philosophical discussions, namely dialectic. The Latin form elenchus plural elenchi is used in English as the technical philosophical term.

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In Plato's early dialogues, the elenchus is the technique Socrates uses to investigate, for example, the nature or definition Frm ethical concepts such as justice or virtue. According to Vlastos, [5] it has the following steps:. One elenctic examination can lead to a new, more refined, examination of the concept being considered, in this case it invites an examination of the claim: "Courage is wise endurance of the soul". Most Socratic inquiries consist of a series of elenchi and typically end in puzzlement known as aporia. Frede [6] points out Vlastos' conclusion in step 4 above makes nonsense of the aporetic nature of the early dialogues.]