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What is the Chikungunya Virus? Chikungunya Virus

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Study record managers: refer to the Data Element Definitions if submitting registration or results information. The actual study injections will be prepared by an unblinded team member e. The injector, study subjects, or other site personnel are not informed about the study treatment until unblinding may occur. The vaccinations will be provided on days 0 and 28 after enrollment. The injections will be provided on days 0 and 28 after enrollment. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below.

Are: Chikungunya Virus

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Ocular manifestations of CHIKV, especially uveitic intraocular inflammatory diseases, have become more recognized in recent years.

Uveitis can be concurrent with systemic symptoms or can appear after a quiescent interval. CHIKV-associated anterior uveitis is most common, but intermediate, posterior and panuveitis have been reported.

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CHIKV sylvatic transmission cycles involve circulation by mosquitoes through wild primates and small mammal reservoirs. Humans are the primary host in disease epidemics, and vector-borne transmission is more likely in the first week of illness when viremia Chikungunya Virus highest. Intrapartum transmission occurs in maternal viremia, but in utero transmission is rare; CHIKV has not been found in breast milk. Viral transmission via corneal graft transplantation has not been reported.

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Outbreaks of chikungunya fever are common during monsoon season, possibly Chikungunya Virus a result of an abundance of arthropod vectors and conducive weather. Travel to endemic areas and exposure to Aedes mosquitoes are risk factors for the disease, although chikungunya fever is increasingly seen in non-endemic regions due to increased in international travel. During an outbreak inCHIKV infection was seen as benign and self-limiting, however in the virus reemerged as an epidemic in the Indian Chikungunya Virus area with severe infections including CNS involvement, multiorgan failure, and death. More thanpeople were infected during a outbreak on Reunion Island and Chikungunya Virus, cases were reported in India in In the Americas from more than 2 million cases were reported. The average case fatality rate of chikungunya fever is estimated Chikungunya Virus one inoften in the very young, elderly, or immune-compromised.

CHIKV has been found to target fibroblasts in the eye, including those of corneal and scleral stroma, corneal endothelium, ciliary body smooth muscle stroma, iris, and those between ocular muscle fibers. The simultaneous onset of systemic and ocular disease found in some patients suggests direct viral involvement, however the later Chikungunya Virus of uveal symptoms after systemic disease in other patients may indicate a delayed immune response may also play a role after CHIKV infection. It is not known whether active viral particles persist in the eye long-term, which may contribute to inflammatory reactivation in delayed cases.

There is no vaccination that protects against CHIKV, although two phase 1 clinical trials have shown a positive safety and immunogenicity profile. The most effective prevention strategy is to prevent mosquito Thomas Jefferson Hypocrisy Essay through insect repellants, long-sleeved shirts and pants, air conditioning, and mosquito nets. During the first 8 days of acute infection, blood samples may be tested for viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction rt-PCRor direct isolation of virus or viral antigens.

The gold standard diagnosis of Chikungunya Virus is viral culture inoculation of mosquito or mammalian cell cultures, but viral Anatomy Reflection is typically not performed in the clinical setting.

Furthermore, a negative anterior chamber tap does not exclude a diagnosis of CHIKV-associated uveitis if viral levels are beyond the limit of detection, or if the virus has been cleared but chronic immune responses remain.]