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The Use of Symbols to Express a Video

Early emoticons were the precursors to modern emojis, which are ever-developing predominantly on iOS and Android devices. In Western countries, emoticons are usually written at a right angle to the direction of the text. Users from Japan popularized a kind of emoticon called kaomojiutilizing the Katakana character set, that can be understood without tilting one's head to the left. As SMS and the Internet became widespread in the late s, emoticons became increasingly popular and were commonly used on text messages, Internet forums and e-mails. Emoticons have played a significant role in communication through technology, and some devices and applications have provided stylized pictures that do not use text punctuation.

The Use Of Cross Symbols

They offer another range of "tone" and feeling through texting that portrays specific emotions through facial gestures while in the midst of text-based cyber communication. Emoticons began with the suggestion that combinations of punctuation could be used in typography to replace language.

Inpoet Robert Herrick included the lines:. Herrick's work predated any other recorded use of brackets as a smiling face by around years. However, experts have since weighed whether Exprsss inclusion of the colon check this out the poem was deliberate and if it was meant to represent a smiling face.

English professor Alan Jacobs argued "punctuation in general was unsettled in the seventeenth century Herrick was unlikely to have consistent punctuational practices himself, and even if he ov he couldn't expect either his printers or his readers to share them. Many different forms of communication are now seen as precursors to emoticons and more recently emojis. The use of emoticons can be traced back to the 17th century, drawn by a Slovak notary to indicate his satisfaction with the state of his town's municipal financial records in[12] but they were commonly used in casual and humorous writing.

Digital forms of emoticons on the Internet were included in a proposal by Scott Fahlman of Carnegie Mellon University in PittsburghPennsylvaniain a The Use of Symbols to Express a on September 19, The National Telegraphic Review and Operators Guide in April documented the use of the number 73 in Morse code to express "love and kisses" later reduced to the more formal "best regards".

Read article Manual in documented the reintroduction of "love and kisses" as the number Gajadhar and Green comment that both Morse code abbreviations are more succinct than modern abbreviations such as LOL. The first time an emoticon appeared in text was in the transcript of one of Abraham Lincoln 's speeches written in It contained the following:. According to the New York Timesthere has been some debate whether the emoticon in Abraham Lincoln's speech was a typoa legitimate punctuation construct, or the first emoticon. In total, four different emoticon designs were displayed, all using punctuation to create different typographical emoticon faces. The emoticon designs were similar to that which formed many years later in Japanoften referred to as "Kaomoji"due to their complicated design. InAmerican author Ambrose Bierce was the first to suggest that a bracket could be used to represent a smiling face.

It is to be appended, with the full stop, to every jocular or ironical sentence". Following this breakthrough statement, other writers and linguistic experts began to put out theories as to how punctuations could be used in collections to represent a face. Moving on from Bierce's theory that a horizontal brackets could be used for a smiling face, Alan Gregg was the first recorded person to suggest that by combining punctuation marksmore elaborate emotions could be demonstrated.

There is an argument that this was the first real set of emoticons, despite later designs becoming the standard for emoticons. Gregg published his theory inin a Harvard Lampoon article. He suggested that by turning the bracket sideways, it could be used for the sides of the mouth or cheeks, with other punctuation used between the brackets to display various emotions. Gregg's theory took the step of creating more than one smiling face, with - for a normal smile and -- for a laughing smile. The logic behind the design was that more teeth were showing on the wider design. Emoticons had already come into use in sci-fi fandom in the s, [20] although there seems to have The Use of Symbols to Express a a lapse in cultural continuity between the communities.

The Use of Symbols to Express a Theme

The piece, featuring typewriter-generated artwork credited to "Royal Portable", was entirely made up of repurposed typography, including a capital letter P having a bigger bust than The Use of Symbols to Express a capital I, a lowercase b and d discussing their pregnancies, an asterisk on top of a letter to indicate the Plans Retirement had just come inside from a snowfall, and a classroom of lowercase n's interrupted by a lowercase h "raising its hand".

A concept for a marker that was similar to Fahlman's concept appeared in an article of Reader's Digest in Mayalthough that idea was never put into Expgess. Until this point, many of the designs considered to be early emoticons were created using fairly basic punctuation, using a single punctuation mark instead of a word or to express feeling, before individuals started combining two punctuations often a colon and bracket to create something that resembled a smiling face.]