Religion in Europe has been a major influence on today's society, artculturephilosophy and law.
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The largest religion in Europe is Christianity[1] but irreligion and practical secularisation are strong. Ancient European religions included veneration for deities such as Zeus. Modern revival movements of these religions include HeathenismRodnoveryRomuvaDruidryWiccaand others. Smaller religions include the Dharmic religionsJudaismand some East Asian religionswhich are found in their largest groups in BritainFranceand Kalmykia.
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Little is known about the prehistoric religion of Neolithic Europe. Bronze and Iron Age religion in Europe as elsewhere was go here polytheistic Ancient Greek religionAncient Roman religionBasque mythologyFinnish paganismCeltic polytheismGermanic paganismetc. The notion of "Europe" and the " Western World " has been intimately connected with the concept of " Christendom ", and many even consider Christianity as the unifying belief that created a European identity[4] especially since Christianity in the Middle East was marginalized by the rise of Islam from the 8th century.
This confrontation led to the Crusadeswhich ultimately failed militarily, but were an important step in the emergence of a European identity based on religion.
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Despite this, traditions of folk religion continued at all times, largely independent from institutional religion or dogmatic theology. The Great Schism of the 11th century and Reformation of the 16th century tore apart Christendom into hostile factions, and following the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, atheism and agnosticism have spread across Europe.
Nineteenth-century Orientalism contributed to a certain popularity of Hinduism and Buddhismand the 20th century brought increasing syncretismNew Ageand various new religious movements divorcing spirituality from inherited traditions for many Europeans. Recent times have seen increased secularisation and religious pluralism.
European countries have experienced a decline in church membership and church attendance. Surveys showed this had dropped to During —, a Gallup survey asked in Ameircan countries the question "Is religion important in your daily life? During —, a Gallup poll asked in several countries the question "Does religion occupy an important place in your life? click
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This situation is often called " Post-Christian Europe". The Eurobarometer survey must be taken with caution, however, as there are discrepancies between it and national census results. The following is a list of European countries ranked by religiosity, based on the rate of belief, according to the Eurobarometer survey The decrease in theism is illustrated in the and according to the World Values Survey[17] both for traditionally strongly theist countries Spain: Some countries nevertheless show increase of theism over the period, Italy Self described religion in the European Union [18]. Belief "there is some sort of spirit or life force" per country based on Eurobarometer survey. No belief in "any sort of spirit, God or life force" per country based on Eurobarometer survey.]
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