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The Enlightenment And Enlightenment The Causes Of Video

History of Europehistory of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions.

Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates. Its western frontiers seem clearly defined by its coastline, yet the position of the British Isles remains equivocal. To outsiders, they seem clearly part of Europe. To the south, Europe ends on the northern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Even now, some question whether Malta or Cyprus is a Queen Elizabeth island. The greatest uncertainty lies to the east, where natural frontiers are notoriously elusive. If the Ural Mountains mark the eastern boundary of Europe, where does it lie to the south of them? Can Astrakhan, for instance, be regarded as European? The questions have more than merely geographic significance.

These questions have acquired new importance as Europe has come to be more than a geographic expression. Unity in Europe is an ancient ideal. In a sense it was implicitly prefigured by the Roman Empire. Later, a number of political theorists proposed plans for European union, and both Napoleon Bonaparte and Adolf Hitler tried to unite Europe by conquest. It was not until after World War IIhowever, that European statesmen began to seek ways of uniting Europe peacefully on a basis of equality instead of domination by one or more great powers. Underlying this policy is the conviction that Europeans have more in common than divides them, especially in the modern world. By comparison with other continents, western Europe is small and immensely varied, divided by rivers and mountains and cut into The Enlightenment And Enlightenment The Causes Of inlets and creeks.

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It is also densely populated—a mosaic of different peoples with a multiplicity of languages. Very broadly and inadequately, its peoples Te be sorted into Nordic, Alpine or Celtic, and Mediterranean types, and the bulk of their languages classified as either Romance or Germanic. In this sense, what Europeans chiefly Teh is their diversity; and it may be this that has made them so energetic and combative. Although uniquely favoured by fertile soils and temperate climates, they have long proved themselves warlike. Successive waves of invasion, mainly from the east, were followed by centuries of rivalry and conflict, both within Europe and overseas. Yet Europeans have also been in the forefront of intellectualsocial, and economic endeavour. As navigators, explorers, and colonists, for a long time they dominated much of the rest of the world and left on it the impress of their values, their technology, their politics, and even their dress.

They also exported both nationalism and weaponry. Then, in the 20th century, Europe came close to destroying itself. World War I cost more than 8 million European lives, World War II more than 18 million in battle, bombing, and systematic Nazi genocide —to say nothing of the 30 million who perished elsewhere. As well as the dead, the wars left lasting The Enlightenment And Enlightenment The Causes Of, click here and physical alike.

The burned child fears fire; and Europe had been badly burned. This article treats the history of European society and culture.

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For a discussion of the physical and human Enlighttenment of the continentsee Europe. For the histories of individual countries, see specific articles by name. For the lives https://amazonia.fiocruz.br/scdp/blog/purdue-owl-research-paper/the-discovery-of-leonardo-da-vinci.php prominent European figures, see specific biographies by name—e. Related topics are discussed in such articles as those on religion e. Article Contents. Home World History. Print print Print. Table Of Contents.

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