Napoleon s Control Over Europe s Territory - amazonia.fiocruz.br

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From the late 15th century to the early 19th, Spain controlled a huge overseas territory in the New Worldthe Asian archipelago of the Philippineswhat they called "The Indies" Spanish : Las Indias and territories in Europe centring on the so-called Spanish RoadAfrica and Oceania. Castile became the dominant kingdom in Iberia because of its jurisdiction over the overseas empire in the Americas and the Philippines. Although the power of the Spanish sovereign as monarch varied from one territory to Naapoleon, the monarch acted as such in a unitary manner [14] over all the ruler's territories through a system of councils : the unity did not mean uniformity.

The Spanish empire in the Americas was formed after conquering indigenous empires and claiming large stretches of landbeginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands. In the early 16th century, it conquered and incorporated the Aztec and Inca empires, retaining indigenous elites loyal to the Spanish crown and converts to Christianity as intermediaries between their communities and royal government.

The Magellan-Elcano circumnavigation —the first circumnavigation of the Earth—laid the foundation for the Pacific oceanic empire of Spain and began the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.

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The structure of governance of its overseas empire was significantly reformed in the late Twrritory century by the Bourbon monarchs. Although the crown attempted to keep its empire a closed economic system under Habsburg rule, Spain was unable to supply the Indies with sufficient consumer goods to meet demand, so that foreign merchants from Genoa, France, England, Germany, and the Netherlands dominated the trade, with silver from the mines of Peru and Mexico flowing to other parts of Europe. The merchant guild of Seville later Cadiz served as middlemen in the trade. The crown's trade monopoly was broken early in the seventeenth century, with the crown colluding with the merchant guild for fiscal reasons in circumventing the supposedly closed system.

In the seventeenth century, the diversion of silver revenue to pay for European consumer https://amazonia.fiocruz.br/scdp/blog/purdue-owl-research-paper/marxist-alienation-in-nazi-germany.php and the rising costs of defense of its empire meant Naoleon "tangible benefits of America to Spain were dwindling The Bourbons had inherited "an empire invaded by rivals, an economy shorn of manufactures, a crown deprived of revenue In the process, they gained a revenue and lost an empire. Spain experienced its greatest territorial losses during the early 19th century, when its colonies in the Americas began fighting for independence.

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In Spanish America among the legacies of its relationship with Iberia, Spanish is the dominant language, Catholicism the main religion, and political traditions of representative government can be traced to the Spanish Constitution of In conjunction with the Portuguese Empirethe Spanish Empire's establishment in the 15th century ushered Proposal Argument Essay the modern global era and the rise of European dominance Napoleon s Control Over Europe s Territory global affairs.

With the marriage of the heirs apparent to their respective thrones Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile created a personal union that most Napo,eon view as the foundation of the Spanish monarchy. Their dynastic alliance was important for a number of reasons, ruling jointly over Tedritory large aggregation of territories although not in a unitary fashion. They successfully pursued expansion in Iberia in the Christian Reconquest of the Muslim Kingdom of Granadacompleted in This conquest is often called the "Christian Reconquest" due to the different religions of the ruling class of both kingdoms.

However, it is important to realize that the Kingdom of Granada and its surrounding kingdoms had been part of Muslim caliphates for over seven centuries.

The term "reconquest" perpetrates a false idea that the peninsula somehow belonged to Catholics.]