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Engaging in a romantic relationship is a key developmental task of adolescence and adolescents differ greatly in both the age at which they start dating and in how romantically active they are. The present study describes the diversity of relationship experiences during adolescence and examines their connection to psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood. Latent profile analysis identified three romantic involvement groups: late starters, moderate daters, and frequent changers, which were further compared to adolescents without any romantic experiences continuous singles.

Growth curve analyses indicated that continuous singles reported lower life satisfaction and higher loneliness than the moderate daters in adolescence and young adulthood. The continuous singles were also less satisfied with their life in young adulthood and felt more lonely in both adolescence and young adulthood compared to the late starters. These new forms of social relationships provide an important context to develop skills needed for future relationships, and represent a source of support, companionship, and intimacy Collins et al. Although often Adolescence And Young Adulthood Young Relationships And as exploratory and unstable Collins et al. Due to the developmental significance of romantic relationships during adolescence Collins et al. The purpose of the present study is to gain a greater understanding of the variety of romantic relationship experiences during adolescence, and to study the relevance of these experiences for psychosocial adjustment from middle adolescence to young adulthood.

First romantic relationships are typically established during middle adolescence, around the age of 14—15 years Collins et al. While first relationships are often of short duration, they become more stable over the course of adolescence.

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Seiffge-Krenkefor example, found mean relationship duration to increase between ages 15 and 21 from 5. Over the course of adolescence, most people report having had around three relationships Boisvert and Poulin Despite these general trends, there is substantial variability in when adolescents initiate romantic relationships and how romantically active they are. Differences in romantic experiences can be described by relationship patterns, which take into account multiple features of romantic involvement and consider them in combination. Multiple studies have used a person-centered approach to describe relationship patterns during adolescence Boisvert and Poulin ; Connolly et al.

These studies typically find that adolescents who have dated at least once can be categorized into three to five groups based on whether they had early or late entry into their first relationship, few or many romantic partners, and little or much time spent in relationships. Most previous work in this area, however, is limited in several aspects. Previous studies have often neglected the existence of the substantial proportion of adolescents who do not date at all.

Introduction

Excluding those who do not date results in an incomplete picture of the variety of romantic involvement. In contrast, examining more aspects of romantic involvement simultaneously would YYoung to a more accurate picture. In addition, number of years spent in romantic relationships might be too imprecise to assess relationship duration, especially in an age span generally characterized by short relationship duration.

Months instead of years spent in relationships might be better suited to capture relationship duration in adolescence. Third, many of these studies have focused on either the first ages 12—17; Connolly et al. Finally, most studies have relied on small and non-representative samples for an exception, see Connolly et al. Engaging in romantic relationships has long been seen as an important developmental task of adolescence. Furman and Shafferfor example, theorized that a romantic partner can serve as attachment figure that the adolescent can turn to for friendship, support, intimacy, and sexuality.

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Indeed, some Officers Police Career Paper Research point towards the benefits of engaging in dating in adolescence, as those who engage in romantic relationships report higher self-esteem in middle and late adolescence Ciairano et al.

However, other theoretical approaches have suggested that dating during adolescence can have negative consequences for the well-being of at least some adolescents, proposing either early age or non-normativity as the main Adolescence And Young Adulthood Young Relationships And. In his theory of psychosocial development, Eriksonproposed that forming close and intimate romantic relationships is a developmental task that is more relevant in young adulthood, while identity development, instead, is the primary task in adolescence.

From this perspective, a preoccupation with dating before having established a personal identity could be problematic for future adaptation and function. Romantic relationships in adolescence may also be emotionally challenging and overwhelming as they require levels of attention, communication, and problem-solving skills that may not yet be fully developed Davila This is because those who engage in behaviors earlier or later than the Adolescence And Young Adulthood Young Relationships And might receive more negative social sanctions and fewer social resources, which could lead to persistent developmental disadvantages Elder et al.

Indeed, studies have shown that those who start dating in early adolescence show more depressive symptoms Natsuaki and Biehland more aggressive and delinquent behaviors Connolly et al. In addition, those who do not date at all during their adolescence experience greater social dissatisfaction Beckmeyer and Malacane and lower self-esteem Ciairano et al. In general, more studies have investigated the effect of getting romantically involved at an early opposed to a later age. Being romantically over-involved, very sporadically involved, or not at all involved could present additional risks to psychosocial adjustment. In particular, the combination of these aspects of romantic relationships i. Davies and Windlefor example, found that early age of first relationship was associated with fewer problematic behaviors when participants had fewer as opposed to more partners.

Previous studies on the development of psychosocial adjustment from adolescence through young adulthood have yielded inconsistent results.]