Autism Spectrum Disorder And Developmental Psychology - amazonia.fiocruz.br

Autism Spectrum Disorder And Developmental Psychology - apologise, but

In psychology and neuroscience , executive dysfunction , or executive function deficit , is a disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions , which is a group of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. It is implicated in numerous psychopathologies and mental disorders , as well as short-term and long-term changes in non-clinical executive control. Executive dysfunction is not the same as dysexecutive syndrome , which is a common pattern of dysfunction in executive functions, such as deficiencies in planning , abstract thinking, flexibility and behavioural control. Executive functioning is a theoretical construct representing a domain of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. Executive functioning is not a unitary concept; it is a broad description of the set of processes involved in certain areas of cognitive and behavioural control. Executive dysfunction does occur to a minor degree in all individuals on both short-term and long-term scales. In non-clinical populations, the activation of executive processes appears to inhibit further activation of the same processes, suggesting a mechanism for normal fluctuations in executive control. Autism Spectrum Disorder And Developmental Psychology

The autism spectrum AS is characterised by enhanced perception in vision and audition, described by the enhanced perceptual functioning EPF model.

This model predicts enhanced low-level discrimination of psychophysical dimensionsand mid- and high-level pattern detection and identification perception. The EPF model is here tested for olfaction by investigating olfactory function in autistic and Asperger participants.

Experiment 1 targeted higher-order olfactory processing by assessing olfactory identification in nine Asperger, ten autistic, and eleven typically developed individuals. Experiment 2 focused on low-level olfactory processing; we assessed odour detection thresholds and odour discrimination in five Asperger, five autistic, and five typically developed males. Olfactory identification was impaired in autistic participants relative to control and Asperger participants.

Publication types

Typical performance in low-level olfactory processing suggests that neural mechanisms involved in the perceptual phenotype of AS do not affect structures implicated in olfactory processing. Reduced olfactory identification is limited to autistic participants who displayed speech delay and may be due to a reduced facility to use Disorded labels. The apparent absence of enhanced olfactory perception of AS participants distinguishes the olfactory system from the other sensory modalities and might be caused by the absence of an obligatory thalamic relay.

Abstract The autism spectrum AS is characterised by enhanced perception in vision and audition, described by the enhanced perceptual functioning EPF model. Publication types Research Support, Non-U. Supplementary concepts Congenital anosmia.]