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Computer Studies Notes - assured

The transport layer is located between the application layer and the network layer and is an important part of a layered network system; this layer plays a vital role in providing direct communication services for application processes running on different hosts. Here we will discuss two major issues: the expansion of the network layer communication services between different end systems to the communication services between different application layer processes running on the two end systems how to achieve inter-city communication Reliable transmission and control the transmission speed of the transport layer entities to avoid network congestion or recover from network congestion. Here are the consequences and causes of congestion and common congestion control methods; in particular, we will understand the TCP protocol Congestion control. The transport layer protocol provides logical communication functions between application processes running on different end systems ; the application layer processes use the logical communication functions provided by the transport layer without considering the details of the physical infrastructure for communication ;. The transport layer protocol is implemented in the end system rather than in the router. Transport layer from the application layer receives the packets and by adding the transport layer header to form a transport layer segment. During the generation process, the messages from the application layer may be segmented ; then in the sending end system, the transport layer will hand these message segments to the network layer; the network layer encapsulates them into network layer packets, also called The datagram is then sent to the destination. The router does not check the fields of the transport layer segment encapsulated in the datagram ; at the receiving end, the network layer extracts the transport layer segment from the datagram and delivers it to the transport layer, and the transport layer receives the segment After that, the data in the segment is used by the receiving application process. Computer Studies Notes

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