A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial - amazonia.fiocruz.br

A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial Video

Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial

A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial - will

Muscle cramps that improve after carnitine or vitamin E therapies are common in haemodialysis HD patients. Because vitamin C participates in carnitine biosynthesis, and its levels are reduced in uraemia, subclinical vitamin C depletion may contribute to HD cramps. Our aim was to determine the effects of vitamins C, E and their combination on the frequency and intensity of HD cramps. In haemodialysis HD patients, painful involuntary muscular contractions, called cramps and found typically in the lower extremities, are common [ 1 — 3 ]. Most commonly, HD patients complain of waking in the night with severe pain due to cramps, which interferes with functioning in normal life [ 3 — 6 ]. To deal with this problem, many approaches have been proposed, but none has been conclusively effective, and some have been associated with serious side effects [ 6 — 8 ]. Considering the potential toxicity of quinine, vitamin E has been recommended as the initial treatment of choice for HD cramps [ 7 ]. However, given the fact that muscle cramps due to carnitine deficiency improve after carnitine therapy in HD patients, and that vitamin C levels have been reported to be low in uraemia, it is possible that subclinical vitamin C depletion might contribute to HD cramps [ 9 — 15 ]. This study was initiated to determine whether ascorbic acid is effective against HD cramps, and whether it is more effective when combined with vitamin E. Our patients underwent two to three HD sessions per week on polysulfune membranes in the three main teaching hospitals of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran. A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial

Calcineurin inhibitors added to standard-of-care induction therapy for lupus nephritis LN may increase complete renal remission CRR rates. AURA-LV was a Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of two doses of voclosporin Two hundred sixty-five subjects from 79 centers in 20 countries were recruited and randomized to treatment for 48 weeks. CRR at week 24 was achieved by 29 The significantly greater CRR rate in the low-dose voclosporin rTial persisted at 48 weeks, and CRRs were also significantly more common in the high-dose voclosporin group compared to placebo at 48 weeks.

Introduction

There were more serious adverse events in both voclosporin groups, and more deaths in the low-dose group compared to placebo and high-dose voclosporin groups These results Ranvomized that the addition of low-dose voclosporin to mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids for induction therapy of active LN results in a superior renal response compared to mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids alone, but higher rates of adverse events including death were observed. Keywords: calcineurin inhibitors; glomerulonephritis; kidney biopsy; proteinuria; systemic lupus erythematosus.

Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Abstract Calcineurin inhibitors added to standard-of-care induction therapy for lupus nephritis LN may increase complete renal remission CRR rates.]