Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look - amazonia.fiocruz.br

Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look Video

Strongyloides stercolaris Stercpralis a facultative parasitic nematode that, in humans, produces a disease called strongyloidiasis. In its free form of life, the nematode lives in the soil, therefore the disease is defined as soil-transmitted helminth infections.

The parasitic form affects humans and can also use other mammals as a reservoir.

As a parasite, the female of Strongyloides stercolaris It is housed in the intestinal mucosa of Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look, where it can reproduce by means of eggs that are fertile without the need for fertilization by the male; this process is called parthenogenesis. Strongyloidiasis is a very common and widely distributed disease, mainly in humid and warm areas of the Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look and subtropics, being endemic in some areas. Diagnosis of the disease is difficult and treatment consists mainly of ivermectin. It has two types of larvae, called rhabditoid larvae and filariform larvae, Stringyloides parasitic female, a free-living female and a free-living male. Also called L1. Among its distinctive features are a short mouth capsule and an Strongylloides divided into three sections, an anterior cylindrical, a narrowed middle, and a posterior pyriform.

It also has a characteristic genital primordium, elongated and discoidal, with the center wider than the ends. Its tail is elongated and filiform. This larva is released in the feces through the duodenal fluid and, after several molts, can give rise to an infective larva, called filariform, or on the contrary, mature sexually giving rise to a free-living male or female.

Due to its elongated and thin shape, it resembles a hair, hence its name. Among the diagnostic features of this larva are a very long esophagus, measuring about half the length of the larva, and a distal portion of the trifurcated tail.

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In this species, females occur in two morphological variants, one for parthenogenetic parasitic females and the other for free-living females. It has a shorter length and a thicker body 1. Other characteristics include a short anterior or rhabditoid esophagus and a reproductive system consisting, among others, of a ventral mid-vulva, a seminal receptacle, and two pairs of gonads. The anterior esophagus is much longer than that of the free-living female, with a length approximately equal to one-third the length of the animal.

The vulva is further backward, located near the distal third.

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Like the free-living females, it has two pairs of gonads, but in the case of the parthenogenetic female, it lacks a seminal receptacle, since its eggs do not require fertilization. The male is always free-living, its size is smaller than that of the female 0. The tail is curled ventrally at its distal portion and has a sharp apex. The tail is lCoser provided with a governacle and two small copulating spines. The filariform larvae present in the soil can penetrate the skin of barefoot people and initiate the infectious process. Once through the skin, the larvae can follow two Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look paths, in the first one it crosses the blood capillaries and travels to the lungs. It is also possible that the larvae, after passing through the skin, move through the subcutaneous tissue until they reach the duodenum.

The larvae undergo two molts and then mature sexually into parthenogenetic females. Rhabditiform larvae hatch from these eggs, emerging into the duodenal fluid and then reaching the feces.

If the feces are deposited in warm, humid soils, but without direct exposure to the Strongyloides Stercoralis A Closer Look, the rhabditiform larvae can undergo two molts and transform into filariform larvae that can restart the infective cycle. Other rhabditiform larvae can remain in the soil, and after four molts, they sexually mature into free-living males and females who can mate. The gravid female releases her eggs directly into the environment, which will hatch into L1 larvae. L1 larvae of free-living females, like those of parthenogenetic females, can undergo two molts and become infective homogeneous cycle. Or, conversely, they may continue to produce free-living adults for several generations heterogeneous cycle. Unlike most parasitic helminths, Strongyloides stercolaris it can re-infect its original host.

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In some cases, the radbitiform larvae that go towards the intestinal lumen, molt upon reaching it, instead of being released in the feces. In these cases, these larvae transform into filariform larvae within the same host. It is what is known as endogenous autoinfection. These filariform larvae cross the intestinal wall Closet, like those that penetrate the skin, they go to the lungs.]