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Meaning And Nature Of Motivation Video

MOTIVATION - 1 Meaning, Definition, Nature, Theories, Types

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Psychologists generally agree that all behaviour is motivated, and that people have reasons for doing the things they do or for behaving in the manner that they do. Motivating is the work a manager performs to inspire, encourage and impel people to take required action. Motivation is a psychological phenomen on which generates in the mind of an individual the feeling that he lacks certain things and needs those things. Motivation is a force within an individual that drives him to behave in a certain way. Needs are deficiencies which are created whenever there is a physiological or psychological imbalance. In order to motivate a person, we have to understand his needs that call for satisfaction. Goals are anything which will alleviate a need and reduce a drive. An individual's behavior is directed to wards a goal. Meaning And Nature Of Motivation.

It is widely accepted that consciousness or, more generally, mental activity is in some way correlated to the Annd of the material brain. Since quantum theory is the most fundamental theory of matter that is currently available, it is a legitimate question to ask whether quantum theory can help us to understand consciousness.

2. Philosophical Background Assumptions

Several approaches answering this question affirmatively, proposed in recent decades, will be surveyed. There are three basic Meaning And Nature Of Motivation of corresponding approaches: 1 consciousness is a manifestation of quantum processes in the brain, 2 quantum concepts are used to understand consciousness without referring to brain activity, and 3 matter and consciousness are regarded as dual aspects of one underlying reality. Major contemporary variants of these quantum-inspired approaches will be discussed.

It will be pointed out that they make different epistemological assumptions and use quantum theory in different ways. For each of the approaches discussed, both problematic and promising features will be highlighted.

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The problem of how mind and matter are related Meaning And Nature Of Motivation each other has many facets, and it can be approached from many different starting points. The historically leading disciplines in this respect are philosophy and psychology, which were later joined by behavioral science, cognitive science and neuroscience. In addition, the physics of complex systems and quantum physics have played stimulating roles in the discussion from their beginnings. As regards the issue of complexity, this is evident: the brain is one of the most complex systems we know. The study of neural networks, their relation to the operation of single neurons and other important topics do and will profit a lot from complex systems approaches. As regards quantum physics, there can be no reasonable doubt that quantum events occur and are efficacious in the brain as elsewhere in the material world—including biological systems.

The original motivation in the early 20th century for relating quantum theory to consciousness was essentially philosophical. On the other hand, randomness is problematic for goal-directed volition!

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Quantum theory introduced an element of randomness standing out against the previous deterministic worldview preceding it, in which randomness expresses our ignorance of a more detailed description as in statistical mechanics. In sharp contrast to such epistemic randomness, quantum randomness in processes such as the spontaneous emission of light, radioactive decay, or other examples has been considered a fundamental feature of nature, independent of our ignorance or knowledge.

To be precise, this feature refers to individual quantum events, whereas the behavior of ensembles of such events is statistically determined. The indeterminism of individual quantum events is constrained by statistical laws. Other features of quantum theory, which became attractive in discussing issues link consciousness, were the concepts of complementarity and entanglement.

For informative overviews with different focal points see e.

Variants Natture the dichotomy between mind and matter range from their fundamental distinction at a primordial level of description to the emergence of mind consciousness from the brain as an extremely sophisticated and highly developed material system. Informative overviews can be found in Popper and EcclesChalmersand Pauen One important aspect of all discussions about the relation between mind and matter is the distinction between descriptive and explanatory approaches.]