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He was born in Constantinople now named Istanbulto Cappadocian Greek parents. After attending Williams College and then the Yale School of Drama, he acted professionally for eight years, later joining the Group Theatre inand co-founded the Actors Studio in Kazan acted in a few films, including City for Conquest His films were concerned with personal or social issues of special concern to him. Kazan writes, "I don't move unless I have some empathy with the basic theme. It received eight Oscar nominations and three wins, including Kazan's first for Best Director. It was followed by Pinkyone of the first films in mainstream Hollywood to address racial prejudice against African Americans. A Streetcar Named Desirean adaptation of Death of a Salesman Directors Vision stage play which he had also directed, received twelve Oscar nominations, winning four, and was Marlon Brando 's breakthrough role.

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Three years later, he directed Brando again in On the Waterfronta film about union corruption on the New York harbor waterfront. It also received 12 Oscar nominations, winning eight. A turning point Death of a Salesman Directors Vision Kazan's career came with his testimony as a witness before the House Committee on Un-American Activities in at the time of the Hollywood blacklistwhich brought him strong negative reactions from many liberal friends and colleagues. His testimony helped end the careers of former acting colleagues Morris Carnovsky and Art Smithalong with the work of playwright Clifford Odets. When Kazan was awarded an honorary Oscar indozens of actors chose not to applaud as demonstrators Deth the event.

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Kazan influenced the films of the s and s with his provocative, issue-driven subjects. Director Stanley Kubrick called him, "without question, the best director we have in America, [and] capable of performing miracles with the actors he uses. His maternal grandfather was Isaak Shishmanoglou. Elia's brother, Avraam, was born in Berlin and later became a psychiatrist. Kazan was raised in the Greek Orthodox religion and attended Greek Orthodox services every Sunday, where od had to stand for several hours with his father.

His mother read the Bible but did not go to church. When Kazan was about eight years old, the family moved to New Rochelle, New Yorkand his father sent him to a Roman Catholic catechism school because there was no Orthodox church nearby. As a young boy, he was remembered as being shy, and his college classmates described him as more of a loner.

In it, he describes his family as "alienated" from both their parents' Greek Orthodox values and from those of mainstream America. His father had become a rug merchant after emigrating to the United States and expected that his son would go into the same business. After attending public schools through high school, Kazan enrolled at Williams College in Massachusetts, where he helped pay his way by waiting tables and washing dishes; he still graduated cum laude.

He also worked as a bartender at various fraternities, but never joined one. While a student at Williams, he earned the nickname "Gadg," for Gadget, because, he said, "I was small, compact, and handy to have around.

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In America America he tells how, and why, his family left Turkey and moved to America. Kazan notes that much of it came from stories that he heard as a young boy. He says during an interview that "it's all true: the Diretors of the family was put on the back of a donkey, and my uncle, really still a boy, went to Istanbul]